AIU.EDU.SY ARAB INTRERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

  1. Homepage
  2. aiu.edu.sy

aiu.edu.sy website information.

aiu.edu.sy domain name is registered by .SY top-level domain registry. See the other sites registred in .SY domain zone.

Following name servers are specified for aiu.edu.sy domain:

  • ns2.aiu.edu.sy
  • ns1.aeu.edu.sy

According to Alexa traffic rank the highest website aiu.edu.sy position was 17667 (in the world). The lowest Alexa rank position was 975230. Current position of aiu.edu.sy in Alexa rank database is below 1 million.

Website aiu.edu.sy Desktop speed measurement score (71/100) is better than the results of 52.66% of other sites shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.

aiu.edu.sy Mobile usability score (92/100) is better than the results of 33.5% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.

Mobile speed measurement score of aiu.edu.sy (41/100) is better than the results of 20.18% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.

Weekly Rank Report

DateRankChange
Sep-22-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-21-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-20-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-19-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-18-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-17-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-16-2024 N/AN/A

Advertisement

aiu.edu.sy Rank History

Alexa can identify the popularity of a website as well as its competitors. It is important for website owners and bloggers to know their Alexa ranking because it shows how many visitors have viewed their web page. It gives them a clear idea of how popular their website is on the internet and the ranking of their competitors.


aiu.edu.sy whois

WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information.

Domain Name: aiu.edu.sy
Domain ID: 2262-sy
WHOIS Server:
Referral URL:
Updated Date: 2020-05-14T08:25:53.498Z
Creation Date: 2009-02-23T22:00:00.0Z
Registry Expiry Date: 2025-02-23T22:00:00.0Z
Sponsoring Registrar: National Agency for Network Services
Sponsoring Registrar IANA ID:
Domain Status: ok
Registrant Name: ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????
Registrant Organization: ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????
Registrant Email: info@aiu.edu.sy
Admin Name: ????? ????? ????
Admin Email: nonnodomain@no.no
Name Server: ns1.aiu.edu.sy
Name Server: ns2.aiu.edu.sy
DNSSEC: unsigned
Additional Section
Sponsoring Registrar URL:
Sponsoring Registrar Address: Damascus Rural, Dimas, SAHARA HOTEL cross road P.O.Box: Saboura 60 Damascus - Syria
Sponsoring Registrar Country: SY
Sponsoring Registrar Phone: +963.113937052
Sponsoring Registrar Fax: +963.113937079
Sponsoring Registrar Customer Service Contact: DNS nans
Sponsoring Registrar Customer Service Email: dnsaudit@nans.gov.sy
Sponsoring Registrar Admin Contact: NANS
Sponsoring Registrar Admin Email: dnsaudit@nans.gov.sy
>>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2022-08-30T08:00:08.903Z

aiu.edu.sy server information

Servers Location

IP Address
213.178.247.220
Country
Syrian Arab Republic
Region
Dimashq
City
Damascus

aiu.edu.sy desktop page speed rank

Last tested: 2015-12-26

Desktop Speed Medium
71/100

aiu.edu.sy Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 26 Enable compression

Compressing resources with gzip or deflate can reduce the number of bytes sent over the network.

Enable compression for the following resources to reduce their transfer size by 257KiB (73% reduction).

Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/dist/css/bootstrap.min_ltr.min.css could save 80.7KiB (82% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/js/jquery-1.11.1.min.js could save 61KiB (65% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ could save 23.9KiB (78% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/ltr_home.min.css could save 17.4KiB (76% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/js/jquery.smartmenus.min.js could save 17.2KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/js/owl.carousel.min.js could save 17KiB (73% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/js/jquery.calendario_en.js could save 6.6KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/sm-blue.min.css could save 6.1KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/js/mo…zr.custom.63321.min.js could save 4.8KiB (54% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/js/AIU_scripts.min.js could save 4.4KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/widgets/ajax/events.php could save 3.1KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/owl.transitions.min.css could save 3KiB (84% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/css/custom_2.min.css could save 2.7KiB (71% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/js/jquery.vide.min.js could save 2KiB (58% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/dist/css/menu_ltr.min.css could save 1.9KiB (83% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/css/calendar.min.css could save 1.2KiB (66% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/css/demo.css could save 1.1KiB (60% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/social.min.css could save 999B (76% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/owl.carousel.min.css could save 786B (65% reduction).
Compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/owl.theme.min.css could save 739B (63% reduction).

priority - 10 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 20 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/ltr_home.min.css
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/fonts/ayumi/stylesheet.min.css
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/fonts/ubuntu/stylesheet.min.css
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/css/calendar.min.css
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/css/custom_2.min.css
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/owl.carousel.min.css
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/owl.theme.min.css
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/owl.transitions.min.css
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/social.min.css
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/sm-blue.min.css
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/sm-core-css.min.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/earlyaccess/droidarabickufi.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/earlyaccess/notonastaliqurdudraft.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/earlyaccess/droidarabicnaskh.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Sans:400,700,400italic,700italic
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Sans+Narrow:400,700
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/css/demo.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:300,400,700
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/dist/css/bootstrap.min_ltr.min.css
http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/dist/css/menu_ltr.min.css

priority - 3 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 31.3KiB (11% reduction).

Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C180122DSC_1786.JPG could save 3.5KiB (13% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C180122Graduation_pic10.JPG could save 3.4KiB (13% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115Graduation_pic10.JPG could save 3.2KiB (14% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115CulturalLingu…ArtsEffectiveness4.jpg could save 2.7KiB (12% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C180122DSC_0083_2.JPG could save 2.5KiB (13% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C180122IMG_9285.JPG could save 2.5KiB (11% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/videos/video.jpg could save 2.3KiB (14% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115FineVisit.jpg could save 2.3KiB (11% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C180122lab14.JPG could save 2.1KiB (9% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115Honor_Appreciation4.JPG could save 2KiB (10% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115ZHERHMDAN.jpg could save 1.7KiB (9% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C180122c18.JPG could save 1.2KiB (8% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C180122p3.JPG could save 1KiB (6% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C180122a7.JPG could save 1,020B (6% reduction).

priority - 0 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)

priority - 0 Minify HTML

Compacting HTML code, including any inline JavaScript and CSS contained in it, can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify HTML for the following resources to reduce their size by 4KiB (14% reduction).

Minifying http://www.aiu.edu.sy/ could save 4KiB (14% reduction).

priority - 0 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 3.6KiB (38% reduction).

Minifying http://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/js/jquery.calendario_en.js could save 3.6KiB (38% reduction).

aiu.edu.sy Desktop Resources

Total Resources93
Number of Hosts5
Static Resources87
JavaScript Resources9
CSS Resources20

aiu.edu.sy Desktop Resource Breakdown

aiu.edu.sy mobile page speed rank

Last tested: 2017-05-06

Mobile Speed Bad
41/100

aiu.edu.sy Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 93 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 908.6KiB (71% reduction).

Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/vi/paragra.png could save 51.5KiB (76% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/images/right.png could save 43.2KiB (99% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/images/left.png could save 43.2KiB (99% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C275185DSC_0016__2_.jpg could save 38.6KiB (70% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C275185Mission.jpg could save 37.2KiB (71% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C275185DSC_1362r.jpg could save 37KiB (71% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C275185IMG_9285.JPG could save 35.5KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C275185b15_1.jpg could save 34.3KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C2751851-_40_.jpg could save 32.6KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C275185lab14.JPG could save 31.5KiB (70% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C275185HEXAVOIDParametricAIU__14_.jpg could save 30.4KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C275185DSC_0083_2.JPG could save 28.4KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C275185p3.JPG could save 23.2KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C275185a7.JPG could save 22.9KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C275185c18.JPG could save 22.9KiB (70% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C164164Tony_Absy__2_.jpg could save 20.9KiB (70% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C164164hishamn.jpg could save 20.7KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C164164laith_al_rakty__1_.jpg could save 19.2KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C164164Khaled_Alkassem__5_.jpg could save 17.5KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C164164MAIkadreh__2_.jpg could save 17.3KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C164164NomanMofti__9_.JPG could save 15.9KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115CONFAIU__2_.jpg could save 15.6KiB (66% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115TEDxAIU__18_.jpg could save 15.5KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115AIUARTGALLERY__6_.jpg could save 15.2KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115AIUBUISWOORKSHOP__5_.jpg could save 15.1KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/vi/logo_en.png could save 14.8KiB (64% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/images/new_twitter.png could save 14.8KiB (93% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/images/new_gplus.png could save 14.7KiB (92% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C164164Abdulwahab_Barakat__4_.jpg could save 14.7KiB (74% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/images/new_face.png could save 14.6KiB (96% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/images/new_youtube.png could save 14.6KiB (93% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115AIUParmacyDay__6_.jpg could save 14.5KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/vi/logo_footer.png could save 14.3KiB (71% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/images/searc-gray.png could save 14.3KiB (93% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/images/bg-search-e.png could save 14.2KiB (92% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/images/new_instag.png could save 14KiB (80% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115AIUMEETINLAKI__1_.jpg could save 13.6KiB (70% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C164164MohammadFirasAlkurdi.jpg could save 13.2KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115TEDxArabInte…Translateathon__5_.jpg could save 13.2KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C164164Firas.jpg could save 10.2KiB (77% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C280193arc.png could save 8.1KiB (15% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/ui/cash/C155115ADV_en.jpg could save 1.9KiB (36% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/vi/login.png could save 1KiB (71% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/vi/search.png could save 1KiB (64% reduction).
Compressing https://www.aiu.edu.sy/vi/no_photo.png could save 938B (22% reduction).
Compressing https://students.aiu.edu.sy/Images/space.gif could save 739B (91% reduction).

priority - 56 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 21 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/ltr_home.min.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/fonts/ayumi/stylesheet.min.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/fonts/ubuntu/stylesheet.min.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/css/calendar.min.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/css/custom_2.min.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/owl.carousel.min.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/owl.theme.min.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/owl.transitions.min.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/social.min.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/sm-blue.min.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/css/sm-core-css.min.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/earlyaccess/droidarabickufi.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/earlyaccess/notonastaliqurdudraft.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/earlyaccess/droidarabicnaskh.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Sans:400,700,400italic,700italic
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/calendar/css/demo.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Sans+Narrow:400,700
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:300,400,700
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/dist/css/bootstrap.min_ltr.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/dist/css/menu_ltr.min.css
https://www.aiu.edu.sy/view/includes/bxslider/jquery.bxslider.min.css

priority - 6 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

https://students.aiu.edu.sy/App_Themes/Mana/BaseStyles.css (expiration not specified)
https://students.aiu.edu.sy/App_Themes/Mana/Styles.css (expiration not specified)
https://students.aiu.edu.sy/App_Themes/aiu_style_t.css (expiration not specified)
https://students.aiu.edu.sy/ApplicationWebForm.js (expiration not specified)
https://students.aiu.edu.sy/ApplicationWebUIValidation.js (expiration not specified)
https://students.aiu.edu.sy/Images/space.gif (expiration not specified)
https://students.aiu.edu.sy/SetFocus.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)

priority - 3 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 28KiB (50% reduction).

Minifying https://students.aiu.edu.sy/ApplicationWebForm.js could save 22.2KiB (63% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://students.aiu.edu.sy/ApplicationWebUIValidation.js could save 4.5KiB (41% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://students.aiu.edu.sy/ScriptResource.axd?d=m…501&t=fffffffff284add6 could save 789B (15% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://students.aiu.edu.sy/WebResource.axd?d=s2jc…1&t=635307409476415054 could save 524B (12% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 3.5KiB (42% reduction).

Minifying https://students.aiu.edu.sy/App_Themes/Mana/BaseStyles.css could save 3.5KiB (42% reduction) after compression.

aiu.edu.sy Mobile Resources

Total Resources114
Number of Hosts6
Static Resources107
JavaScript Resources15
CSS Resources24

aiu.edu.sy Mobile Resource Breakdown

aiu.edu.sy mobile page usability

Last tested: 2017-05-06

Mobile Usability Good
92/100

aiu.edu.sy Mobile Usability Test Quick Summary


priority - 7 Size content to viewport

The page content is too wide for the viewport, forcing the user to scroll horizontally. Size the page content to the viewport to provide a better user experience.

The page content is 1,049 CSS pixels wide, but the viewport is only 412 CSS pixels wide. The following elements fall outside the viewport:

The element <img src="/vi/sub-logo_en.png"> falls outside the viewport.

priority - 0 Size tap targets appropriately

Some of the links/buttons on your webpage may be too small for a user to easily tap on a touchscreen. Consider making these tap targets larger to provide a better user experience.

The following tap targets are close to other nearby tap targets and may need additional spacing around them.

The tap target <a id="search_btn" class="search_btn"></a> is close to 1 other tap targets.

The tap target <button type="submit" class="search-efc"> is close to 1 other tap targets.

The tap target <div class="owl-buttons"></div> is close to 1 other tap targets.
The tap target <div class="owl-buttons"></div> is close to 1 other tap targets.

aiu.edu.sy similar domains

Similar domains:
www.aiu.com
www.aiu.net
www.aiu.org
www.aiu.info
www.aiu.biz
www.aiu.us
www.aiu.mobi
www.iu.edu.sy
www.aiu.edu.sy
www.qiu.edu.sy
www.aqiu.edu.sy
www.qaiu.edu.sy
www.wiu.edu.sy
www.awiu.edu.sy
www.waiu.edu.sy
www.siu.edu.sy
www.asiu.edu.sy
www.saiu.edu.sy
www.ziu.edu.sy
www.aziu.edu.sy
www.zaiu.edu.sy
www.au.edu.sy
www.auu.edu.sy
www.aiuu.edu.sy
www.auiu.edu.sy
www.aju.edu.sy
www.aiju.edu.sy
www.ajiu.edu.sy
www.aku.edu.sy
www.aiku.edu.sy
www.akiu.edu.sy
www.aou.edu.sy
www.aiou.edu.sy
www.aoiu.edu.sy
www.ai.edu.sy
www.aiy.edu.sy
www.aiuy.edu.sy
www.aiyu.edu.sy
www.aih.edu.sy
www.aiuh.edu.sy
www.aihu.edu.sy
www.aij.edu.sy
www.aiuj.edu.sy
www.aii.edu.sy
www.aiui.edu.sy
www.aiiu.edu.sy

aiu.edu.sy Ping

Ping is a networking utility tool to test if a particular host is reachable. It is a diagnostic that checks reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. In a computer network, a ping test is a way of sending messages from one host to another. Aside from checking if the host is connected to a network, ping also gives indicators of the reliability and general speed of the connection.

aiu.edu.sy TRACEROUTE

Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the pathway taken by a packet on an IP network from source to destination. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to the destination. Traceroute uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo packets with variable time to live values. The response time of each hop is calculated. To guarantee accuracy, each hop is queried multiple times (usually three times) to better measure the response of that particular hop.