ASTROPIXELS.COM AstroPixels: Home


astropixels.com website information.

astropixels.com domain name is registered by .COM top-level domain registry. See the other sites registred in .COM domain zone.

No name server records were found.

and probably website astropixels.com is hosted by Team Internet AG web hosting company. Check the complete list of other most popular websites hosted by Team Internet AG hosting company.

According to Alexa traffic rank the highest website astropixels.com position was 77374 (in the world). The lowest Alexa rank position was 998273. Now website astropixels.com ranked in Alexa database as number 140766 (in the world).

Website astropixels.com Desktop speed measurement score (70/100) is better than the results of 50.91% of other sites shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.

astropixels.com Mobile usability score (61/100) is better than the results of 5.47% of other sites and shows that the page mobile usability is poor and can be improved.

Mobile speed measurement score of astropixels.com (66/100) is better than the results of 68.49% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.

Weekly Rank Report

DateRankChange
Nov-19-2024 140,766564
Nov-18-2024 141,330-118
Nov-17-2024 141,2124,461
Nov-16-2024 145,673-2,038
Nov-15-2024 143,6352,043
Nov-14-2024 145,678-5,972
Nov-13-2024 139,7060

Advertisement

astropixels.com Rank History

Alexa can identify the popularity of a website as well as its competitors. It is important for website owners and bloggers to know their Alexa ranking because it shows how many visitors have viewed their web page. It gives them a clear idea of how popular their website is on the internet and the ranking of their competitors.



astropixels.com whois

WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information.


Domain Name: ASTROPIXELS.COM
Registry Domain ID: 1571031768_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.networksolutions.com
Registrar URL: http://networksolutions.com
Updated Date: 2021-10-02T16:58:13Z
Creation Date: 2009-10-02T16:28:15Z
Registry Expiry Date: 2031-10-02T16:28:15Z
Registrar: Network Solutions, LLC
Registrar IANA ID: 2
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abuse@web.com
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.8003337680
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Name Server: NS1.FATCOW.COM
Name Server: NS2.FATCOW.COM
DNSSEC: unsigned
URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/
>>> Last update of whois database: 2022-02-08T07:08:04Z

astropixels.com server information

Servers Location

IP Address
Country
Region
City

astropixels.com desktop page speed rank

Last tested: 2015-10-30


Desktop Speed Medium
70/100

astropixels.com Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 28 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 275.3KiB (67% reduction).

Compressing and resizing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/Atlas2017-cover1.jpg could save 93.3KiB (91% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TSE2017-cover1.jpg could save 85.9KiB (91% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TYCLE-cover1.jpg could save 45.3KiB (86% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TYCSE-cover1.jpg could save 39.1KiB (84% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://astropixels.com/images/MrEclipseBanner-s.jpg could save 5.7KiB (71% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://astropixels.com/images/AstroPixels-2w.gif could save 3KiB (23% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://astropixels.com/images/Sgr-01v.jpg could save 2.1KiB (3% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://astropixels.com/images/EclipseWiseBanner-s.jpg could save 840B (13% reduction).

priority - 6 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 1 blocking script resources and 1 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

http://www.moonmodule.com/cs/ccm_fl.js

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

http://astropixels.com/CssFiles/twoColFixLtHdr.css

priority - 5 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

http://astropixels.com/images/MrEclipseBanner-s.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TYCLE-cover1.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.moonmodule.com/cs/ccm_fl.js (expiration not specified)
http://astropixels.com/images/AstroPixels-2w.gif (2.4 hours)
http://astropixels.com/images/Sgr-01v.jpg (2.7 hours)
http://astropixels.com/images/bluePixel.gif (2.8 hours)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TYCSE-cover1.jpg (2.8 hours)
http://astropixels.com/CssFiles/twoColFixLtHdr.css (4 hours)
http://astropixels.com/images/EclipseWiseBanner-s.jpg (4 hours)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TSE2017-cover1.jpg (4 hours)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/Atlas2017-cover1.jpg (4 hours)

priority - 2 Prioritize visible content

Your page requires additional network round trips to render the above-the-fold content. For best performance, reduce the amount of HTML needed to render above-the-fold content.

The entire HTML response was not sufficient to render the above-the-fold content. This usually indicates that additional resources, loaded after HTML parsing, were required to render above-the-fold content. Prioritize visible content that is needed for rendering above-the-fold by including it directly in the HTML response.

Only about 64% of the final above-the-fold content could be rendered with the full HTML response.

priority - 0 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 1.1KiB (66% reduction).

Minifying http://astropixels.com/CssFiles/twoColFixLtHdr.css could save 1.1KiB (66% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Enable compression

Compressing resources with gzip or deflate can reduce the number of bytes sent over the network.

Enable compression for the following resources to reduce their transfer size by 585B (53% reduction).

Compressing http://www.moonmodule.com/cs/ccm_fl.js could save 585B (53% reduction).

astropixels.com Desktop Resources

Total Resources12
Number of Hosts2
Static Resources11
JavaScript Resources1
CSS Resources1

astropixels.com Desktop Resource Breakdown

astropixels.com mobile page speed rank

Last tested: 2019-08-22


Mobile Speed Medium
66/100

astropixels.com Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 31 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 306KiB (38% reduction).

Compressing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/Atlas2024-coverCE-1w.jpg could save 63.6KiB (50% reduction).
Compressing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TEOB-cover1.jpg could save 46.2KiB (53% reduction).
Compressing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TSE2017-cover1.jpg could save 38.3KiB (41% reduction).
Compressing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/Atlas2023-coverCE-1w.jpg could save 37.6KiB (32% reduction).
Compressing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/21CCSE-cover-CEw.jpg could save 34.3KiB (46% reduction).
Compressing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/GE-cover1w.jpg could save 32.3KiB (32% reduction).
Compressing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/Atlas2017-cover1.jpg could save 26.7KiB (27% reduction).
Compressing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TYCLE-cover1.jpg could save 13.3KiB (26% reduction).
Compressing http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TYCSE-cover1.jpg could save 7.7KiB (17% reduction).
Compressing http://astropixels.com/images/MrEclipseBanner-s.jpg could save 5.3KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing http://astropixels.com/images/EclipseWiseBanner-s.jpg could save 775B (12% reduction).

priority - 13 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

http://astropixels.com/images/bluePixel.gif (8.4 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TSE2017-cover1.jpg (8.4 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TYCLE-cover1.jpg (8.4 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/CssFiles/twoColFixLtHdr.css (8.4 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/images/Sgr-01v.jpg (8.4 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/Atlas2017-cover1.jpg (8.4 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/Atlas2023-coverCE-1w.jpg (8.4 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/Atlas2024-coverCE-1w.jpg (8.4 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/Totality2017cover1w.jpg (8.4 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/images/MrEclipseBanner-s.jpg (29.8 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/GE-cover1w.jpg (29.8 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TEOB-cover1.jpg (29.8 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/images/EclipseWiseBanner-s.jpg (29.8 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/21CCSE-cover-CEw.jpg (29.8 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/SEUSA-cover1.jpg (29.8 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/pubs/images/TYCSE-cover1.jpg (29.8 minutes)
http://astropixels.com/images/AstroPixels-2w.gif (2.4 hours)

priority - 8 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 1 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

http://astropixels.com/CssFiles/twoColFixLtHdr.css

priority - 0 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 1.1KiB (66% reduction).

Minifying http://astropixels.com/CssFiles/twoColFixLtHdr.css could save 1.1KiB (66% reduction) after compression.

astropixels.com Mobile Resources

Total Resources21
Number of Hosts2
Static Resources18
JavaScript Resources2
CSS Resources1

astropixels.com Mobile Resource Breakdown

astropixels.com mobile page usability

Last tested: 2019-08-22


Mobile Usability Bad
61/100

astropixels.com Mobile Usability Test Quick Summary


priority - 39 Use legible font sizes

The following text on your page renders in a way that may be difficult for some of your visitors to read. Use legible font sizes to provide a better user experience.

The following text fragments have a small font size. Increase the font size to make them more legible.

| and 20 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

Astropixels Publishing and 18 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

Site Directory renders only 6 pixels tall (15 CSS pixels).

2013 Triple Pl…Photo Gallery and 72 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

CURRENT MOON renders only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

lunar phases renders only 4 pixels tall (10 CSS pixels).

experiences so…for yourself. and 1 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

Carpe noctem!…ze the night!) and 4 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

"The treasures…er (1571-1630) and 1 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

Fred Espenak renders only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

Supported External Links and 2 others render only 7 pixels tall (18 CSS pixels).

Solar Eclipses in the USA and 28 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

for Solar and…se Predictions and 14 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

For more visit: renders only 6 pixels tall (15 CSS pixels).

Astropixels Publishing renders only 6 pixels tall (15 CSS pixels).

2018 and 8 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

Thousand Year…dition (AP003) and 10 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

- dozens of us…astro-imagers. and 56 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).

Predictions fo…Lunar Eclipses renders only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).
(click to visi…lipseWise.com) and 3 others render only 5 pixels tall (13 CSS pixels).
All photograph…y watermarked. and 1 others render only 3 pixels tall (9 CSS pixels).

priority - 11 Size tap targets appropriately

Some of the links/buttons on your webpage may be too small for a user to easily tap on a touchscreen. Consider making these tap targets larger to provide a better user experience.

The following tap targets are close to other nearby tap targets and may need additional spacing around them.

The tap target <a href="index.html">Home</a> and 6 others are close to other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="index.html">Home</a> and 66 others are close to other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="http://www.cal…n_phases.phtml">lunar phases</a> is close to 1 other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="pubs/21CCSE.html">21st Century C…Click for more</a> and 12 others are close to other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="pubs/Totality2…ality2017.html">Totality - Gre…Click for more</a> and 1 others are close to other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="pubs/SEUSA.html">Atlas of Centr…ses in the USA</a> and 6 others are close to other tap targets.

priority - 10 Configure the viewport

Your page does not have a viewport specified. This causes mobile devices to render your page as it would appear on a desktop browser, scaling it down to fit on a mobile screen. Configure a viewport to allow your page to render properly on all devices.

Configure a viewport for this page.

priority - 3 Avoid plugins

Your page uses plugins, which prevents portions of your page from being used on many platforms. Find alternatives for plugin based content to increase compatibility.

Find alternatives for the following Flash plugins.

http://www.moonmodule.com/cs/ccm_v1.swf (110 x 172).

priority - 3 Size content to viewport

The page content is too wide for the viewport, forcing the user to scroll horizontally. Size the page content to the viewport to provide a better user experience.

The page content is 1,002 CSS pixels wide, but the viewport is only 980 CSS pixels wide. The following elements fall outside the viewport:

The element <h1></h1> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>| Home | Blog…ws | Contact |</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p></p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <h1>Carpe Noctem</h1> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>The night sky…ze the night!)</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <img src="images/bluePixel.gif"> falls outside the viewport.
The element <h2>Eclipse Publications</h2> falls outside the viewport.
The element <pre></pre> falls outside the viewport.
The element <h3>For more visit…els Publishing</h3> falls outside the viewport.
The element <img src="images/bluePixel.gif"> falls outside the viewport.
The element <h2>New Features</h2> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>2018</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Road Atlas for…solar eclipse.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>2017</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Road Atlas for…solar eclipse.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>2016</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Atlas of Centr…rough the USA.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Get Eclipsed -…solar eclipse.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>21st Century C…2001 to 2100.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>2015</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Road Atlas for…solar eclipse.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Eclipse Bullet…solar eclipse.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Comet Lovejoy…bright comet.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Six Millennium…CE to 4000 CE)</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>2015</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Moon in 2015 -…ural satellite</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>October&#39;s Part…me-lapse video</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>EclipseWise.co…Lunar Eclipses</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Astropixels Pu…olor editions:</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Thousand Year…0-year period.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Thousand Year…0-year period.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Thousand Year…0-year period.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Thousand Year…0-year period.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Vesta and Cere…minor planets</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Lunar Eclipses…es of the Moon</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Solar Eclipses…ses of the Sun</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Images with AS…SA Astrograph.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Supernova in M…n 2014 Jan 22.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Autumn Milky W…umn Milky Way.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Enormous Sunsp…Universe blog.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>2013 Comet Lov…bright comet.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>2014 Sun Photo…e Sun in 2014.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>2013</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Public Talks a…nomical event.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>2013 Triple Pl…t of May 2013.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>2013 Triple Pl…t of May 2013.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>2012</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Portal to the…stern Arizona.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Planetary Ephe…n and planets.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>The Sun - the…ydrogen light.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Milky Way - pa…r home galaxy.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Annular Solar…MrEclipse.com.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Partial Lunar…MrEclipse.com.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Planetary Conj…oon and stars.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Bright Star Ph…rs in the sky.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Astronomical E…8 time zones.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>2011</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>AstroPixels Ph…t Observatory.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Messier Catalo…ssier Catalog.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Planetary Ephe…Perigee, etc..</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>2010</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Bifrost Astron…ry came to be.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Moon Phases Ph…om day to day.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Resources - do…astro-imagers.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <img src="images/bluePixel.gif"> falls outside the viewport.
The element <h2>Supported External Links</h2> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>International…the night sky.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>The World At N…ky landscapes.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Astronomers Wi…ople, One Sky.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>Center for Inq…manist values.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <li>ASPCA - Americ…Their Voice&quot;.</li> falls outside the viewport.
The element <img src="images/bluePixel.gif"> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>Visit our sist…MrEclipse.com)</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>Visit EclipseW…lipseWise.com)</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>| Home | Blog…ng | Contact |</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>All photograph…y watermarked.</p> falls outside the viewport.
The element <p>Last Updated: 2018 Jul 06</p> falls outside the viewport.

astropixels.com similar domains

Similar domains:
www.astropixels.com
www.astropixels.net
www.astropixels.org
www.astropixels.info
www.astropixels.biz
www.astropixels.us
www.astropixels.mobi
www.stropixels.com
www.astropixels.com
www.qstropixels.com
www.aqstropixels.com
www.qastropixels.com
www.wstropixels.com
www.awstropixels.com
www.wastropixels.com
www.sstropixels.com
www.asstropixels.com
www.sastropixels.com
www.zstropixels.com
www.azstropixels.com
www.zastropixels.com
www.atropixels.com
www.awtropixels.com
www.aswtropixels.com
www.aetropixels.com
www.asetropixels.com
www.aestropixels.com
www.adtropixels.com
www.asdtropixels.com
www.adstropixels.com
www.aztropixels.com
www.asztropixels.com
www.axtropixels.com
www.asxtropixels.com
www.axstropixels.com
www.aatropixels.com
www.asatropixels.com
www.aastropixels.com
www.asropixels.com
www.asrropixels.com
www.astrropixels.com
www.asrtropixels.com
www.asfropixels.com
www.astfropixels.com
www.asftropixels.com
www.asgropixels.com
www.astgropixels.com
www.asgtropixels.com
www.asyropixels.com
www.astyropixels.com
www.asytropixels.com
www.astopixels.com
www.asteopixels.com
www.astreopixels.com
www.asteropixels.com
www.astdopixels.com
www.astrdopixels.com
www.astdropixels.com
www.astfopixels.com
www.astrfopixels.com
www.asttopixels.com
www.astrtopixels.com
www.asttropixels.com
www.astrpixels.com
www.astripixels.com
www.astroipixels.com
www.astriopixels.com
www.astrkpixels.com
www.astrokpixels.com
www.astrkopixels.com
www.astrlpixels.com
www.astrolpixels.com
www.astrlopixels.com
www.astrppixels.com
www.astroppixels.com
www.astrpopixels.com
www.astroixels.com
www.astrooixels.com
www.astropoixels.com
www.astroopixels.com
www.astrolixels.com
www.astroplixels.com
www.astropxels.com
www.astropuxels.com
www.astropiuxels.com
www.astropuixels.com
www.astropjxels.com
www.astropijxels.com
www.astropjixels.com
www.astropkxels.com
www.astropikxels.com
www.astropkixels.com
www.astropoxels.com
www.astropioxels.com
www.astropiels.com
www.astropizels.com
www.astropixzels.com
www.astropizxels.com
www.astropisels.com
www.astropixsels.com
www.astropisxels.com
www.astropidels.com
www.astropixdels.com
www.astropidxels.com
www.astropicels.com
www.astropixcels.com
www.astropicxels.com
www.astropixls.com
www.astropixwls.com
www.astropixewls.com
www.astropixwels.com
www.astropixsls.com
www.astropixesls.com
www.astropixdls.com
www.astropixedls.com
www.astropixrls.com
www.astropixerls.com
www.astropixrels.com
www.astropixes.com
www.astropixeps.com
www.astropixelps.com
www.astropixepls.com
www.astropixeos.com
www.astropixelos.com
www.astropixeols.com
www.astropixeks.com
www.astropixelks.com
www.astropixekls.com
www.astropixel.com
www.astropixelw.com
www.astropixelsw.com
www.astropixelws.com
www.astropixele.com
www.astropixelse.com
www.astropixeles.com
www.astropixeld.com
www.astropixelsd.com
www.astropixelds.com
www.astropixelz.com
www.astropixelsz.com
www.astropixelzs.com
www.astropixelx.com
www.astropixelsx.com
www.astropixelxs.com
www.astropixela.com
www.astropixelsa.com
www.astropixelas.com
www.astropixels.con

astropixels.com Ping

Ping is a networking utility tool to test if a particular host is reachable. It is a diagnostic that checks reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. In a computer network, a ping test is a way of sending messages from one host to another. Aside from checking if the host is connected to a network, ping also gives indicators of the reliability and general speed of the connection.


astropixels.com TRACEROUTE

Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the pathway taken by a packet on an IP network from source to destination. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to the destination. Traceroute uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo packets with variable time to live values. The response time of each hop is calculated. To guarantee accuracy, each hop is queried multiple times (usually three times) to better measure the response of that particular hop.