cyi.ac.cy website information.
cyi.ac.cy domain name is registered by .CY top-level domain registry. See the other sites registred in .CY domain zone.
Following name servers are specified for cyi.ac.cy domain:
- ns10.cyi.ac.cy
- ns11.cyi.ac.cy
- ns15.cyi.ac.cy
- ns12.cyi.ac.cy
- dns3.cyi.ac.cy
- ns14.cyi.ac.cy
- dns4.cyi.ac.cy
- dns2.cyi.ac.cy
- ns13.cyi.ac.cy
- dns1.cyi.ac.cy
and probably website cyi.ac.cy is hosted by SKB-AS SK Broadband Co Ltd, KR web hosting company. Check the complete list of other most popular websites hosted by SKB-AS SK Broadband Co Ltd, KR hosting company.
According to Alexa traffic rank the highest website cyi.ac.cy position was 29054 (in the world). The lowest Alexa rank position was 998060. Now website cyi.ac.cy ranked in Alexa database as number 152641 (in the world).
Website cyi.ac.cy Desktop speed measurement score (16/100) is better than the results of 2.91% of other sites shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.
cyi.ac.cy Mobile usability score (99/100) is better than the results of 79.46% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.
Mobile speed measurement score of cyi.ac.cy (15/100) is better than the results of 2.77% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.
Weekly Rank Report
Date | Rank | Change |
---|---|---|
Nov-13-2024 | 152,641 | 0 |
Nov-12-2024 | 152,641 | 0 |
Nov-11-2024 | 152,641 | 0 |
Nov-10-2024 | 152,641 | 519 |
Nov-09-2024 | 153,160 | 22,696 |
Nov-08-2024 | 175,856 | -3,376 |
Nov-07-2024 | 172,480 | -8,871 |
Advertisement
cyi.ac.cy Rank History
Alexa can identify the popularity of a website as well as its competitors. It is important for website owners and bloggers to know their Alexa ranking because it shows how many visitors have viewed their web page. It gives them a clear idea of how popular their website is on the internet and the ranking of their competitors.
cyi.ac.cy whois
WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information.
cyi.ac.cy domain is not supported
cyi.ac.cy server information
cyi.ac.cy desktop page speed rank
Last tested: 2018-07-03
cyi.ac.cy Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary
priority - 284 Optimize images
Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.
Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 2.7MiB (71% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/382b8d3…756f78552586f35_XL.jpg could save 399.5KiB (71% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/ee9bc87…4171d9571626ba4_XL.jpg could save 385.9KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/ca2ba6a…0fcb72369f9e823_XL.jpg could save 310.4KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/8d2d352…80c8d89065116aa_XL.jpg could save 302.5KiB (70% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/336d6e4…2accd6de4c50b60_XL.jpg could save 276.2KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/58c14d0…10e24aef05b926e1_M.jpg could save 95KiB (71% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/d473003…6efc47adaeb5f6f5_M.jpg could save 52.8KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/94dc543…8a3f66d37ea38c47_M.jpg could save 52.4KiB (66% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…w_no_textgk-is-780.jpg could save 39.5KiB (70% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…c6959bb93_Mnsp-786.jpg could save 37.3KiB (45% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…b08444ac9_Mnsp-775.jpg could save 36.1KiB (45% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…h-Centersgk-is-779.jpg could save 36KiB (73% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…1fa7a37c6_Mnsp-775.jpg could save 36KiB (46% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…-programsgk-is-781.jpg could save 34.5KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…4c03d7dff_Mnsp-786.jpg could save 26.1KiB (43% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…4770d6e9a_Mnsp-775.jpg could save 25.9KiB (47% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…134c631b9_Mnsp-786.jpg could save 24KiB (44% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…e_updatedgk-is-778.jpg could save 22.3KiB (76% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/images/logo.png could save 3.7KiB (29% reduction).
Compressing and resizing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…-128/bebo-logo-128.png could save 2.4KiB (85% reduction).
Compressing and resizing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…8/twitter-logo-128.png could save 2.2KiB (80% reduction).
Compressing and resizing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…8/youtube-logo-128.png could save 1.5KiB (74% reduction).
Compressing and resizing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…/facebook-logo-128.png could save 644B (66% reduction).
priority - 70 Enable compression
Compressing resources with gzip or deflate can reduce the number of bytes sent over the network.
Enable compression for the following resources to reduce their transfer size by 678.8KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/ could save 70.7KiB (83% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/jui/js/jquery.min.js?2…1fd8184657715fb3ee7d8a could save 61.9KiB (65% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/js/mootools-cor…1fd8184657715fb3ee7d8a could save 55.6KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/j…dfcb9fbdfe257623c5280e could save 39KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/override.css could save 25.4KiB (76% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/joomla.css could save 23.4KiB (78% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/jui/js/bootstrap.min.j…1fd8184657715fb3ee7d8a could save 21KiB (73% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/font-awesome.css could save 17.1KiB (80% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…js/owl.carousel.min.js could save 17KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/gk.stuff.css could save 16.4KiB (79% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css could save 13.7KiB (76% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css?v=2.8.0 could save 13.7KiB (76% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/template.css could save 11.9KiB (75% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/mobile.css could save 8.9KiB (78% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/int…ripts/engine.jquery.js could save 7.7KiB (77% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/ty…/typography.style1.css could save 6.7KiB (73% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/assets/js/k2.frontend.js?v=2.8.0&sitepath=/ could save 6.7KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/js/modal.js?2ab…1fd8184657715fb3ee7d8a could save 6.7KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/interface/css/style.css could save 6.6KiB (73% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/engine.js could save 6.5KiB (77% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/jui/js/jquery-migrate.…1fd8184657715fb3ee7d8a could save 5.9KiB (60% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/layout.css could save 5.9KiB (78% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/t…052a048c5cf30829163e4d could save 5.8KiB (83% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/normalize.css could save 5.6KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/style.css could save 5.5KiB (80% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/plg_system_eprivacy/js…1fd8184657715fb3ee7d8a could save 5.4KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.scripts.js could save 4.9KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/style1.css could save 4.6KiB (74% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/c…100bbd1841bfc0e498ce7b could save 4.6KiB (78% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/tablet.css could save 4.5KiB (75% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/js/core.js?2ab6…1fd8184657715fb3ee7d8a could save 4.5KiB (59% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.menu.js could save 3.6KiB (74% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/menu/menu.css could save 3.2KiB (74% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…r/assets/css/style.css could save 2.6KiB (65% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/css/modal.css?2…1fd8184657715fb3ee7d8a could save 2KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/fitvids.jquery.js could save 1.9KiB (59% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.tablet.css could save 1.6KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/system/system.css could save 1.5KiB (70% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/themes/standard/popup.html could save 1.3KiB (75% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…s/css/owl.carousel.css could save 951B (63% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/t…/standard/tooltip.html could save 713B (74% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.desktop.css could save 444B (50% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/css/default.css could save 307B (62% reduction).
priority - 26 Leverage browser caching
Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.
Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/336d6e4…2accd6de4c50b60_XL.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/382b8d3…756f78552586f35_XL.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/58c14d0…10e24aef05b926e1_M.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/8d2d352…80c8d89065116aa_XL.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/94dc543…8a3f66d37ea38c47_M.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/ca2ba6a…0fcb72369f9e823_XL.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/d473003…6efc47adaeb5f6f5_M.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/ee9bc87…4171d9571626ba4_XL.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…h-Centersgk-is-779.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…w_no_textgk-is-780.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…e_updatedgk-is-778.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…-programsgk-is-781.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/engine.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/style.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/css/default.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…-128/bebo-logo-128.png (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…/facebook-logo-128.png (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…8/twitter-logo-128.png (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…8/youtube-logo-128.png (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…c6959bb93_Mnsp-786.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…b08444ac9_Mnsp-775.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…4c03d7dff_Mnsp-786.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…1fa7a37c6_Mnsp-775.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…134c631b9_Mnsp-786.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…4770d6e9a_Mnsp-775.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/interface/css/style.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/int…ripts/engine.jquery.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…s/css/owl.carousel.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…r/assets/css/style.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…js/owl.carousel.min.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/font-awesome.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/gk.stuff.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/joomla.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/layout.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/menu/menu.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/mobile.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/normalize.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/override.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.desktop.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.tablet.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/style1.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/system/system.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/tablet.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/template.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/ty…/typography.style1.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/images/logo.png (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/fitvids.jquery.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.menu.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.scripts.js (expiration not specified)
priority - 18 Reduce server response time
In our test, your server responded in 1.1 seconds. There are many factors that can slow down your server response time. Please read our recommendations to learn how you can monitor and measure where your server is spending the most time.
priority - 8 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content
Your page has 1 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.
None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.
Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:
priority - 6 Minify CSS
Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.
Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 58.5KiB (25% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/font-awesome.css could save 6KiB (29% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/normalize.css could save 6KiB (74% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/joomla.css could save 3.7KiB (13% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/mobile.css could save 3.6KiB (32% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/gk.stuff.css could save 3.4KiB (17% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css could save 3.1KiB (18% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css?v=2.8.0 could save 3.1KiB (18% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/template.css could save 3KiB (19% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…r/assets/css/style.css could save 1.9KiB (50% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/interface/css/style.css could save 1.9KiB (21% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/ty…/typography.style1.css could save 1.4KiB (16% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/layout.css could save 1.4KiB (19% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/style.css could save 1,014B (15% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/menu/menu.css could save 967B (23% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/tablet.css could save 924B (16% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/style1.css could save 806B (13% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/css/modal.css?2…1fd8184657715fb3ee7d8a could save 754B (26% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.tablet.css could save 647B (27% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.desktop.css could save 370B (43% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…s/css/owl.carousel.css could save 269B (19% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/system/system.css could save 237B (12% reduction).
priority - 1 Minify JavaScript
Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.
Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 12.9KiB (31% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/int…ripts/engine.jquery.js could save 2.4KiB (25% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.scripts.js could save 2.3KiB (32% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/assets/js/k2.frontend.js?v=2.8.0&sitepath=/ could save 2.1KiB (23% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.menu.js could save 2.1KiB (44% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/fitvids.jquery.js could save 1.1KiB (35% reduction).
priority - 0 Minify HTML
Compacting HTML code, including any inline JavaScript and CSS contained in it, can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.
Minify HTML for the following resources to reduce their size by 1KiB (38% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/t…/standard/tooltip.html could save 332B (35% reduction).
cyi.ac.cy Desktop Resources
Total Resources | 73 |
Number of Hosts | 3 |
Static Resources | 52 |
JavaScript Resources | 17 |
CSS Resources | 27 |
cyi.ac.cy Desktop Resource Breakdown
cyi.ac.cy mobile page speed rank
Last tested: 2017-12-19
cyi.ac.cy Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary
priority - 241 Optimize images
Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.
Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 2.3MiB (73% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/d50ace0…b87bbbc3592d4ac_XL.jpg could save 345.9KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/4bc3f19…851bf0f518952d3_XL.jpg could save 284KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/4da06b4…46d67a7ba8f9e38_XL.jpg could save 273KiB (70% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/120c3f0…9108c6d85739fb6_XL.jpg could save 218.8KiB (73% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/b359906…acbd3687b750f47_XL.jpg could save 193.6KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/8824c56…54bce08c8e97d4d0_M.jpg could save 98.2KiB (66% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/48d9183…d6e3100a88c4ac96_M.jpg could save 86KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/e7d681d…ad0e36dc718519dd_M.jpg could save 63.8KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…w_no_textgk-is-780.jpg could save 39.5KiB (70% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…f30253cfc_Mnsp-775.jpg could save 38.8KiB (47% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…c6959bb93_Mnsp-775.jpg could save 37.3KiB (45% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…h-Centersgk-is-779.jpg could save 36KiB (73% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…-programsgk-is-781.jpg could save 34.5KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…e_updatedgk-is-778.jpg could save 22.3KiB (76% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…4b6aeafa9_Mnsp-775.jpg could save 12KiB (47% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/images/logo.png could save 3.7KiB (29% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…-128/bebo-logo-128.png could save 1.3KiB (47% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…8/twitter-logo-128.png could save 543B (20% reduction).
priority - 67 Enable compression
Compressing resources with gzip or deflate can reduce the number of bytes sent over the network.
Enable compression for the following resources to reduce their transfer size by 650.8KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/ could save 62.3KiB (82% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/jui/js/jquery.min.js?a…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90 could save 61.9KiB (65% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/js/mootools-cor…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90 could save 55.6KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/j…dfcb9fbdfe257623c5280e could save 39KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/joomla.css could save 23.4KiB (78% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/jui/js/bootstrap.min.j…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90 could save 21KiB (73% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/font-awesome.css could save 17.1KiB (80% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…js/owl.carousel.min.js could save 17KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/gk.stuff.css could save 16.4KiB (79% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css could save 13.7KiB (76% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css?v=2.8.0 could save 13.7KiB (76% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/template.css could save 11.9KiB (75% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/override.css could save 11.9KiB (73% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/mobile.css could save 8.9KiB (78% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/int…ripts/engine.jquery.js could save 7.7KiB (77% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/ty…/typography.style1.css could save 6.7KiB (73% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/assets/js/k2.frontend.js?v=2.8.0&sitepath=/ could save 6.7KiB (72% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/js/modal.js?aa2…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90 could save 6.7KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/interface/css/style.css could save 6.6KiB (73% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/engine.js could save 6.5KiB (77% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/jui/js/jquery-migrate.…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90 could save 5.9KiB (60% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/layout.css could save 5.9KiB (78% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/t…052a048c5cf30829163e4d could save 5.8KiB (83% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/normalize.css could save 5.6KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/style.css could save 5.5KiB (80% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.scripts.js could save 4.9KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/style1.css could save 4.6KiB (74% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/c…100bbd1841bfc0e498ce7b could save 4.6KiB (78% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/tablet.css could save 4.5KiB (75% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/js/core.js?aa2d…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90 could save 4.5KiB (59% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.menu.js could save 3.6KiB (74% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/menu/menu.css could save 3.2KiB (74% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…r/assets/css/style.css could save 2.6KiB (65% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/css/modal.css?a…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90 could save 2KiB (68% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/fitvids.jquery.js could save 1.9KiB (59% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.tablet.css could save 1.6KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/system/system.css could save 1.5KiB (70% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/themes/standard/popup.html could save 1.3KiB (75% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…s/css/owl.carousel.css could save 951B (63% reduction).
Compressing https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/t…/standard/tooltip.html could save 713B (74% reduction).
priority - 56 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content
Your page has 16 blocking script resources and 26 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.
None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.
Remove render-blocking JavaScript:
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/jui/js/jquery-noconfli…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/jui/js/jquery-migrate.…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/assets/js/k2.frontend.js?v=2.8.0&sitepath=/
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/j…dfcb9fbdfe257623c5280e
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/jui/js/bootstrap.min.j…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/js/mootools-cor…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/js/core.js?aa2d…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/js/mootools-mor…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/js/modal.js?aa2…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.scripts.js
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.menu.js
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/fitvids.jquery.js
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/engine.js
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/int…ripts/engine.jquery.js
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…js/owl.carousel.min.js
Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css?v=2.8.0
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/c…100bbd1841bfc0e498ce7b
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/plugins/system/jcemediabox/t…052a048c5cf30829163e4d
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/css/modal.css?a…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/normalize.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/layout.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/joomla.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/system/system.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/template.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/menu/menu.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/font-awesome.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/gk.stuff.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/style1.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/ty…/typography.style1.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/css/default.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/style.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/interface/css/style.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…s/css/owl.carousel.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…r/assets/css/style.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.desktop.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/tablet.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.tablet.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/mobile.css
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/override.css
priority - 39 Leverage browser caching
Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.
Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/120c3f0…9108c6d85739fb6_XL.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/48d9183…d6e3100a88c4ac96_M.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/4bc3f19…851bf0f518952d3_XL.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/4da06b4…46d67a7ba8f9e38_XL.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/8824c56…54bce08c8e97d4d0_M.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/b359906…acbd3687b750f47_XL.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/d50ace0…b87bbbc3592d4ac_XL.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/items/cache/e7d681d…ad0e36dc718519dd_M.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…h-Centersgk-is-779.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…w_no_textgk-is-780.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…e_updatedgk-is-778.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/c…-programsgk-is-781.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/engine.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/style.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/css/default.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…-128/bebo-logo-128.png (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…/facebook-logo-128.png (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…8/twitter-logo-128.png (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_jb_sociallinks/i…8/youtube-logo-128.png (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…4b6aeafa9_Mnsp-775.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…c6959bb93_Mnsp-775.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/cac…f30253cfc_Mnsp-775.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/interface/css/style.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/int…ripts/engine.jquery.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…s/css/owl.carousel.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…r/assets/css/style.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…js/owl.carousel.min.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/font-awesome.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/gk.stuff.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/joomla.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/layout.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/menu/menu.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/mobile.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/normalize.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/override.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.desktop.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.tablet.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/style1.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/system/system.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/tablet.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/template.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/ty…/typography.style1.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/images/logo.png (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/images/tablet_menu.png (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/fitvids.jquery.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.menu.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.scripts.js (expiration not specified)
https://connect.facebook.net/en_GB/sdk.js (20 minutes)
https://ssl.google-analytics.com/ga.js (2 hours)
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)
priority - 16 Reduce server response time
In our test, your server responded in 1.2 seconds. There are many factors that can slow down your server response time. Please read our recommendations to learn how you can monitor and measure where your server is spending the most time.
priority - 5 Minify CSS
Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.
Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 51.7KiB (24% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/font-awesome.css could save 6KiB (29% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/normalize.css could save 6KiB (74% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/joomla.css could save 3.7KiB (13% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/mobile.css could save 3.6KiB (32% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/gk.stuff.css could save 3.4KiB (17% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css could save 3.1KiB (18% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/k2.css?v=2.8.0 could save 3.1KiB (18% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/template.css could save 3KiB (19% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_sp_k2_featured_s…r/assets/css/style.css could save 1.9KiB (50% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/interface/css/style.css could save 1.9KiB (21% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/ty…/typography.style1.css could save 1.4KiB (16% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/layout.css could save 1.4KiB (19% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_image_show_gk4/s…shop_and_buy/style.css could save 1,014B (15% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/menu/menu.css could save 967B (23% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/tablet.css could save 924B (16% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/style1.css could save 806B (13% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/system/css/modal.css?a…470482b756a7b5ac9e6a90 could save 754B (26% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/css/small.tablet.css could save 647B (27% reduction).
priority - 1 Minify JavaScript
Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.
Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 12.9KiB (31% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/modules/mod_news_pro_gk5/int…ripts/engine.jquery.js could save 2.4KiB (25% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.scripts.js could save 2.3KiB (32% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/media/k2/assets/js/k2.frontend.js?v=2.8.0&sitepath=/ could save 2.1KiB (23% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/gk.menu.js could save 2.1KiB (44% reduction).
Minifying https://www.cyi.ac.cy/templates/gk_rockwall/js/fitvids.jquery.js could save 1.1KiB (35% reduction).
priority - 0 Minify HTML
Compacting HTML code, including any inline JavaScript and CSS contained in it, can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.
Minify HTML for the following resources to reduce their size by 696B (39% reduction).
cyi.ac.cy Mobile Resources
Total Resources | 117 |
Number of Hosts | 16 |
Static Resources | 82 |
JavaScript Resources | 30 |
CSS Resources | 33 |
cyi.ac.cy Mobile Resource Breakdown
cyi.ac.cy mobile page usability
Last tested: 2017-12-19
cyi.ac.cy Mobile Usability Test Quick Summary
priority - 0 Size tap targets appropriately
Some of the links/buttons on your webpage may be too small for a user to easily tap on a touchscreen. Consider making these tap targets larger to provide a better user experience.
The following tap targets are close to other nearby tap targets and may need additional spacing around them.
<a href="/index.php/contact.html">Contact the Institute</a>
is close to 1 other tap targets.cyi.ac.cy similar domains
www.cyi.net
www.cyi.org
www.cyi.info
www.cyi.biz
www.cyi.us
www.cyi.mobi
www.yi.ac.cy
www.cyi.ac.cy
www.xyi.ac.cy
www.cxyi.ac.cy
www.xcyi.ac.cy
www.dyi.ac.cy
www.cdyi.ac.cy
www.dcyi.ac.cy
www.fyi.ac.cy
www.cfyi.ac.cy
www.fcyi.ac.cy
www.vyi.ac.cy
www.cvyi.ac.cy
www.vcyi.ac.cy
www.ci.ac.cy
www.cti.ac.cy
www.cyti.ac.cy
www.ctyi.ac.cy
www.cgi.ac.cy
www.cygi.ac.cy
www.cgyi.ac.cy
www.chi.ac.cy
www.cyhi.ac.cy
www.chyi.ac.cy
www.cui.ac.cy
www.cyui.ac.cy
www.cuyi.ac.cy
www.cy.ac.cy
www.cyu.ac.cy
www.cyiu.ac.cy
www.cyj.ac.cy
www.cyij.ac.cy
www.cyji.ac.cy
www.cyk.ac.cy
www.cyik.ac.cy
www.cyki.ac.cy
www.cyo.ac.cy
www.cyio.ac.cy
www.cyoi.ac.cy
cyi.ac.cy Ping
Ping is a networking utility tool to test if a particular host is reachable. It is a diagnostic that checks reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. In a computer network, a ping test is a way of sending messages from one host to another. Aside from checking if the host is connected to a network, ping also gives indicators of the reliability and general speed of the connection.
cyi.ac.cy TRACEROUTE
Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the pathway taken by a packet on an IP network from source to destination. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to the destination. Traceroute uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo packets with variable time to live values. The response time of each hop is calculated. To guarantee accuracy, each hop is queried multiple times (usually three times) to better measure the response of that particular hop.