EDDIRASA.COM موقع الدراسة الجزائري | تعليمي عام لجميع المواد


eddirasa.com website information.

eddirasa.com domain name is registered by .COM top-level domain registry. See the other sites registred in .COM domain zone.

No name server records were found.

According to Alexa traffic rank the highest website eddirasa.com position was 1165 (in the world). The lowest Alexa rank position was 290511. Current position of eddirasa.com in Alexa rank database is below 1 million.

Website eddirasa.com Desktop speed measurement score (71/100) is better than the results of 52.66% of other sites shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.

eddirasa.com Mobile usability score (93/100) is better than the results of 34.93% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.

Mobile speed measurement score of eddirasa.com (59/100) is better than the results of 52.41% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.

Weekly Rank Report

DateRankChange
Sep-25-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-24-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-23-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-22-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-21-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-20-2024 N/AN/A
Sep-19-2024 N/AN/A

Advertisement

eddirasa.com Rank History

Alexa can identify the popularity of a website as well as its competitors. It is important for website owners and bloggers to know their Alexa ranking because it shows how many visitors have viewed their web page. It gives them a clear idea of how popular their website is on the internet and the ranking of their competitors.



eddirasa.com whois

WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information.


Domain Name: EDDIRASA.COM
Registry Domain ID: 1786159104_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.ovh.com
Registrar URL: http://www.ovh.com
Updated Date: 2023-12-08T00:08:09Z
Creation Date: 2013-03-13T16:02:11Z
Registry Expiry Date: 2030-03-13T16:02:11Z
Registrar: OVH sas
Registrar IANA ID: 433
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abuse@ovh.net
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +33.972101007
Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Name Server: DNS200.ANYCAST.ME
Name Server: NS200.ANYCAST.ME
DNSSEC: signedDelegation
DNSSEC DS Data: 62825 8 2 8D8064FEBD3FCA907C08770E0ABE20313345569113C9D45810D160C1B9A82214
URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/
>>> Last update of whois database: 2024-09-11T02:05:09Z

eddirasa.com server information

Servers Location

IP Address
Country
Region
City

eddirasa.com desktop page speed rank

Last tested: 2016-08-10


Desktop Speed Medium
71/100

eddirasa.com Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 15 Reduce server response time

In our test, your server responded in 1.7 seconds. There are many factors that can slow down your server response time. Please read our recommendations to learn how you can monitor and measure where your server is spending the most time.

priority - 12 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

http://ads.hsoubcdn.com/banners/13069_80x80_29-05-16_6af2324c21.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://ads.hsoubcdn.com/banners/13069_80x80_29-05-16_70da644821.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://ads2.hsoub.com/show_market.js (expiration not specified)
http://gt.hsoub.com/gt.js (expiration not specified)
http://s10.histats.com/js15.js (expiration not specified)
http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/68373003ac191b9370fa45014a583b0d?s=55&d=mm&r=g (5 minutes)
http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/c670530c67c1dee329abf4d9cad412b0?s=55&d=mm&r=g (5 minutes)
http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/55da8a07fd3a4b2d627b20b92eb82f49?s=55&d=mm&r=g (5 minutes)
http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/567f65115c8812caa2c2d084082ea283?s=55&d=mm&r=g (5 minutes)
http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/875709ec3b662e460ca26228b438c61c?s=55&d=mm&r=g (5 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=10514%2…asa.com%2F%3Fp%3D26558 (10 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=30439%2…asa.com%2F%3Fp%3D30843 (10 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=30858%2…asa.com%2F%3Fp%3D31562 (10 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=31606%2…asa.com%2F%3Fp%3D31985 (10 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=32044%2…rasa.com%2F%3Fp%3D7734 (10 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=829%20h…rasa.com%2F%3Fp%3D9111 (10 minutes)
https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js (30 minutes)
https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js (30 minutes)
https://apis.google.com/js/rpc:shindig_random.js?onload=init (30 minutes)
http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js (60 minutes)
http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js (60 minutes)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/osd.js (60 minutes)
http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)

priority - 6 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 5 blocking script resources and 18 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/taqyeem/js/tie.js
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/lightbox-pop/lbx_request.js

Use asynchronous versions of the following scripts:

http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/instanow/assets/style.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/taqyeem/style.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/contact…ncludes/css/styles.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/contact…des/css/styles-rtl.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/taqyeem-buttons/assets/style.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-polls/polls-css.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-polls/polls-css-rtl.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/style.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/c…box/dark-skin/skin.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/earlyaccess/droidarabickufi
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Droid+Sans%3Aregular%2C700
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/google-…media/css/lightbox.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/google-…p-media/css/images.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/google-…s/justifiedGallery.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/rtl.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-tabl…s/plugin.css?ver=1.9.4
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-tabl…ugin.rtl.css?ver=1.9.4
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-tabl…tatables.css?ver=1.9.4

priority - 5 Enable compression

Compressing resources with gzip or deflate can reduce the number of bytes sent over the network.

Enable compression for the following resources to reduce their transfer size by 48.9KiB (77% reduction).

Compressing http://www.tradeadexchange.com/a/display.php?r=364…8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7 could save 42.1KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing http://ads2.hsoub.com/show_market.js could save 3KiB (61% reduction).
Compressing http://www.tradeadexchange.com/a/display.php?r=364351 could save 2.6KiB (64% reduction).
Compressing http://gt.hsoub.com/gt.js could save 723B (53% reduction).
Compressing http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=30858%2…asa.com%2F%3Fp%3D31562 could save 557B (65% reduction).

priority - 2 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 7.9KiB (19% reduction).

Losslessly compressing http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/logo_nb.png could save 3.2KiB (14% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/i…/patterns/body-bg1.png could save 2.9KiB (53% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://ads.hsoubcdn.com/banners/13069_80x80_29-05-16_70da644821.jpg could save 659B (14% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://ads.hsoubcdn.com/banners/13069_80x80_29-05-16_6af2324c21.jpg could save 597B (17% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://ads.hsoubcdn.com/banners/13069_80x80_05-02-15_6115d05a15.jpg could save 534B (14% reduction).

priority - 1 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 5.1KiB (12% reduction).

Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/style.css could save 3.7KiB (11% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/instanow/assets/style.css could save 799B (16% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/rtl.css could save 551B (15% reduction) after compression.

priority - 1 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 5.4KiB (32% reduction).

Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/google-…js/justifiedGallery.js could save 2.1KiB (36% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.tradeadexchange.com/a/display.php?r=364351 could save 1.3KiB (33% reduction).
Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/google-…p-media/js/lightbox.js could save 1.3KiB (36% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/js/search.js could save 707B (20% reduction) after compression.

eddirasa.com Desktop Resources

Total Resources246
Number of Hosts33
Static Resources213
JavaScript Resources71
CSS Resources27

eddirasa.com Desktop Resource Breakdown

eddirasa.com mobile page speed rank

Last tested: 2019-12-07


Mobile Speed Bad
59/100

eddirasa.com Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 24 Reduce server response time

In our test, your server responded in 1.8 seconds. There are many factors that can slow down your server response time. Please read our recommendations to learn how you can monitor and measure where your server is spending the most time.

priority - 24 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 5 blocking script resources and 18 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/taqyeem/js/tie.js
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/lightbox-pop/lbx_request.js

Use asynchronous versions of the following scripts:

http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/instanow/assets/style.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/taqyeem/style.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/contact…ncludes/css/styles.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/contact…des/css/styles-rtl.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/taqyeem-buttons/assets/style.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-polls/polls-css.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-polls/polls-css-rtl.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/style.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/c…box/dark-skin/skin.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/earlyaccess/droidarabickufi
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Droid+Sans%3Aregular%2C700
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/google-…media/css/lightbox.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/google-…p-media/css/images.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/google-…s/justifiedGallery.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/rtl.css
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-tabl…s/plugin.css?ver=1.9.4
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-tabl…ugin.rtl.css?ver=1.9.4
http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-tabl…tatables.css?ver=1.9.4

priority - 16 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

http://ads.hsoubcdn.com/banners/13069_300x250_11-07-16_077e412fc6.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://ads2.hsoub.com/show_market.js (expiration not specified)
http://gt.hsoub.com/gt.js (expiration not specified)
http://s10.histats.com/js15.js (expiration not specified)
http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/68373003ac191b9370fa45014a583b0d?s=55&d=mm&r=g (5 minutes)
http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/c670530c67c1dee329abf4d9cad412b0?s=55&d=mm&r=g (5 minutes)
http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/55da8a07fd3a4b2d627b20b92eb82f49?s=55&d=mm&r=g (5 minutes)
http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/567f65115c8812caa2c2d084082ea283?s=55&d=mm&r=g (5 minutes)
http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/875709ec3b662e460ca26228b438c61c?s=55&d=mm&r=g (5 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=13193%2…rasa.com%2F%3Fp%3D2402 (10 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=24035%2…asa.com%2F%3Fp%3D30840 (10 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=30843%2…asa.com%2F%3Fp%3D31562 (10 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=31606%2…asa.com%2F%3Fp%3D31985 (10 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=32044%2…rasa.com%2F%3Fp%3D7873 (10 minutes)
http://eddirasa.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=837%20h…rasa.com%2F%3Fp%3D9763 (10 minutes)
https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js (30 minutes)
https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js (30 minutes)
https://apis.google.com/js/rpc:shindig_random.js?onload=init (30 minutes)
http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js (60 minutes)
http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js (60 minutes)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/osd.js (60 minutes)
http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)

priority - 5 Enable compression

Compressing resources with gzip or deflate can reduce the number of bytes sent over the network.

Enable compression for the following resources to reduce their transfer size by 48.6KiB (77% reduction).

Compressing http://www.tradeadexchange.com/a/display.php?r=364…8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7 could save 42.3KiB (80% reduction).
Compressing http://ads2.hsoub.com/show_market.js could save 3KiB (61% reduction).
Compressing http://www.tradeadexchange.com/a/display.php?r=364351 could save 2.6KiB (64% reduction).
Compressing http://gt.hsoub.com/gt.js could save 723B (53% reduction).

priority - 2 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 12KiB (26% reduction).

Losslessly compressing http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/2574731-272x125.png could save 5.8KiB (33% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/logo_nb.png could save 3.2KiB (14% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/i…/patterns/body-bg1.png could save 2.9KiB (53% reduction).

priority - 1 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 5.1KiB (12% reduction).

Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/style.css could save 3.7KiB (11% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/instanow/assets/style.css could save 799B (16% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/rtl.css could save 551B (15% reduction) after compression.

priority - 1 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 5.4KiB (32% reduction).

Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/google-…js/justifiedGallery.js could save 2.1KiB (36% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.tradeadexchange.com/a/display.php?r=364351 could save 1.3KiB (33% reduction).
Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/plugins/google-…p-media/js/lightbox.js could save 1.3KiB (36% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.eddirasa.com/wp-content/themes/sahifa/js/search.js could save 707B (20% reduction) after compression.

eddirasa.com Mobile Resources

Total Resources246
Number of Hosts34
Static Resources212
JavaScript Resources69
CSS Resources27

eddirasa.com Mobile Resource Breakdown

eddirasa.com mobile page usability

Last tested: 2019-12-07


Mobile Usability Good
93/100

eddirasa.com Mobile Usability Test Quick Summary


priority - 3 Avoid plugins

Your page uses plugins, which prevents portions of your page from being used on many platforms. Find alternatives for plugin based content to increase compatibility.

Find alternatives for the following Flash plugins.

http://www.eddirasa.com/forum_eddirasa.swf (378 x 78).

priority - 3 Size tap targets appropriately

Some of the links/buttons on your webpage may be too small for a user to easily tap on a touchscreen. Consider making these tap targets larger to provide a better user experience.

The following tap targets are close to other nearby tap targets and may need additional spacing around them.

The tap target <a href="/aclk?sa=l&amp;ai=…26matchtype%3D" class="rhfavicon"></a> is close to 1 other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="/aclk?sa=l&amp;ai=…26matchtype%3D" class="rhurl rhdefaultcolored">xforex.com</a> is close to 1 other tap targets.

The tap target <div id="abgc" class="abgc">Googleإعلانات</div> is close to 2 other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="http://www.edd…bac-solutions/">مواضيع و حلول…بكالوريا و BEM</a> and 1 others are close to other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="http://www.edd…#disqus_thread">2 Comments</a> and 71 others are close to other tap targets.
The tap target <a href="http://www.edd…ice-4-page-38/">علوم 3AS : حل التمرين 4 ص 38</a> and 11 others are close to other tap targets.
The tap target <a href="https://google…/+EddirasaSite"></a> is close to 1 other tap targets.
The tap target <a href="http://www.edd…-%d9%88%d8%af/">معاهد لتكوين ا…في الشبه الطبي</a> and 14 others are close to other tap targets.
The tap target <label for="poll-answer-21">نعم</label> and 1 others are close to other tap targets.
The tap target <div id="topcontrol" class="fa fa-angle-up"> is close to 2 other tap targets.

eddirasa.com similar domains

Similar domains:
www.eddirasa.com
www.eddirasa.net
www.eddirasa.org
www.eddirasa.info
www.eddirasa.biz
www.eddirasa.us
www.eddirasa.mobi
www.ddirasa.com
www.eddirasa.com
www.wddirasa.com
www.ewddirasa.com
www.weddirasa.com
www.sddirasa.com
www.esddirasa.com
www.seddirasa.com
www.dddirasa.com
www.edddirasa.com
www.deddirasa.com
www.rddirasa.com
www.erddirasa.com
www.reddirasa.com
www.edirasa.com
www.exdirasa.com
www.edxdirasa.com
www.exddirasa.com
www.esdirasa.com
www.edsdirasa.com
www.eedirasa.com
www.ededirasa.com
www.eeddirasa.com
www.erdirasa.com
www.edrdirasa.com
www.efdirasa.com
www.edfdirasa.com
www.efddirasa.com
www.ecdirasa.com
www.edcdirasa.com
www.ecddirasa.com
www.edxirasa.com
www.eddxirasa.com
www.edsirasa.com
www.eddsirasa.com
www.edeirasa.com
www.eddeirasa.com
www.edrirasa.com
www.eddrirasa.com
www.edfirasa.com
www.eddfirasa.com
www.edcirasa.com
www.eddcirasa.com
www.eddrasa.com
www.eddurasa.com
www.eddiurasa.com
www.edduirasa.com
www.eddjrasa.com
www.eddijrasa.com
www.eddjirasa.com
www.eddkrasa.com
www.eddikrasa.com
www.eddkirasa.com
www.eddorasa.com
www.eddiorasa.com
www.eddoirasa.com
www.eddiasa.com
www.eddieasa.com
www.eddireasa.com
www.eddierasa.com
www.eddidasa.com
www.eddirdasa.com
www.eddidrasa.com
www.eddifasa.com
www.eddirfasa.com
www.eddifrasa.com
www.edditasa.com
www.eddirtasa.com
www.edditrasa.com
www.eddirsa.com
www.eddirqsa.com
www.eddiraqsa.com
www.eddirqasa.com
www.eddirwsa.com
www.eddirawsa.com
www.eddirwasa.com
www.eddirssa.com
www.eddirassa.com
www.eddirsasa.com
www.eddirzsa.com
www.eddirazsa.com
www.eddirzasa.com
www.eddiraa.com
www.eddirawa.com
www.eddiraswa.com
www.eddiraea.com
www.eddirasea.com
www.eddiraesa.com
www.eddirada.com
www.eddirasda.com
www.eddiradsa.com
www.eddiraza.com
www.eddirasza.com
www.eddiraxa.com
www.eddirasxa.com
www.eddiraxsa.com
www.eddiraaa.com
www.eddirasaa.com
www.eddiraasa.com
www.eddiras.com
www.eddirasq.com
www.eddirasaq.com
www.eddirasqa.com
www.eddirasw.com
www.eddirasaw.com
www.eddirass.com
www.eddirasas.com
www.eddirasz.com
www.eddirasaz.com
www.eddirasa.con

eddirasa.com Ping

Ping is a networking utility tool to test if a particular host is reachable. It is a diagnostic that checks reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. In a computer network, a ping test is a way of sending messages from one host to another. Aside from checking if the host is connected to a network, ping also gives indicators of the reliability and general speed of the connection.


eddirasa.com TRACEROUTE

Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the pathway taken by a packet on an IP network from source to destination. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to the destination. Traceroute uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo packets with variable time to live values. The response time of each hop is calculated. To guarantee accuracy, each hop is queried multiple times (usually three times) to better measure the response of that particular hop.