novostroy.kz website information.
novostroy.kz domain name is registered by .KZ top-level domain registry. See the other sites registred in .KZ domain zone.
Following name servers are specified for novostroy.kz domain:
- ns1.ps.kz
- ns2.ps.kz
- ns3.ps.kz
and probably website novostroy.kz is hosted by Akamai International B.V. web hosting company. Check the complete list of other most popular websites hosted by Akamai International B.V. hosting company.
According to Alexa traffic rank the highest website novostroy.kz position was 37097 (in the world). The lowest Alexa rank position was 998496. Now website novostroy.kz ranked in Alexa database as number 230230 (in the world).
Website novostroy.kz Desktop speed measurement score (66/100) is better than the results of 44.37% of other sites shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.
novostroy.kz Mobile usability score (100/100) is better than the results of 100% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.
Mobile speed measurement score of novostroy.kz (56/100) is better than the results of 45.93% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.
Weekly Rank Report
Date | Rank | Change |
---|---|---|
Nov-08-2024 | 230,230 | 52,807 |
Nov-07-2024 | 283,037 | 259,457 |
Nov-06-2024 | 542,494 | 13,098 |
Nov-05-2024 | 555,592 | 2,257 |
Nov-04-2024 | 557,849 | -17,483 |
Nov-03-2024 | 540,366 | 970 |
Nov-02-2024 | 541,336 | 5,563 |
Advertisement
novostroy.kz Rank History
Alexa can identify the popularity of a website as well as its competitors. It is important for website owners and bloggers to know their Alexa ranking because it shows how many visitors have viewed their web page. It gives them a clear idea of how popular their website is on the internet and the ranking of their competitors.
novostroy.kz whois
WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information.
Whois Server for the KZ top level domain name.
This server is maintained by KazNIC Organization, a ccTLD manager for Kazakhstan Republic.
Domain Name............: novostroy.kz
Organization Using Domain Name
Name...................: Igor Luchaninov
Organization Name......: Private Person
Street Address.........: Tarasovskaya 8
City...................: Kiev
State..................: Kievskaya
Postal Code............: 01033
Country................: UA
Administrative Contact/Agent
NIC Handle.............: PS-KZ-1566923441
Name...................: Igor Luchaninov
Phone Number...........: 380682892548
Fax Number.............:
Email Address..........: wonetikz@gmail.com
Nameserver in listed order
Primary server.........: anirban.ns.cloudflare.com
Primary ip address.....: 173.245.59.64
Secondary server.......: leia.ns.cloudflare.com
Secondary ip address...:
Domain created: 2014-08-06 03:12:37 (GMT+0:00)
Last modified : 2020-02-05 08:09:55 (GMT+0:00)
Domain status : clientTransferProhibited -
clientRenewProhibited -
Registar created: ICPS
Current Registar: ICPS
novostroy.kz server information
novostroy.kz desktop page speed rank
Last tested: 2019-12-19
novostroy.kz Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary
priority - 40 Reduce server response time
In our test, your server responded in 4.2 seconds.
There are many factors that can slow down your server response time. Please read our recommendations to learn how you can monitor and measure where your server is spending the most time.
priority - 8 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content
Your page has 10 blocking script resources and 11 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.
None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.
Remove render-blocking JavaScript:
http://novostroy.kz/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=1.4.1
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/photo-galle…elect.min.js?ver=3.0.3
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/photo-galle…obile.min.js?ver=1.3.2
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/photo-galle…ncat.min.js?ver=1.5.34
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/photo-galle…0.4.1.min.js?ver=0.4.1
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/photo-galle…ipts.min.js?ver=1.5.34
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/themes/travelify/li…tions.min.js?ver=5.2.5
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_in…ssage.min.js?ver=7.4.2
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_in…esize.min.js?ver=7.4.2
Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/photo-galle…ts/fonts.css?ver=0.0.1
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/photo-galle…lect.min.css?ver=3.0.3
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/photo-galle…bar.min.css?ver=1.5.34
https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Ubuntu&sub…ext,latin-ext,cyrillic
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/photo-galle…les.min.css?ver=1.5.34
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/themes/travelify/style.css?ver=5.2.5
https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Ubuntu&ver=5.2.5
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/asgaros-for…/widgets.css?ver=1.9.6
https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%…cyrillic-ext&ver=5.2.5
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/css/jetpack.css?ver=7.4.2
priority - 3 Leverage browser caching
Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.
Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:
https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/cu…osd.js?cb=%2Fr20100101 (50 minutes)
http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js (60 minutes)
https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/advert.gif (60 minutes)
https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js (60 minutes)
http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)
priority - 2 Optimize images
Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.
Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 18.6KiB (29% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-33.userapi.com/c158/u7942546/e_c3678346.jpg?ava=1 could save 911B (42% reduction).
Compressing http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/themes/travelify/images/arrow-right.png could save 860B (90% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-40.userapi.com/c5081/u12011181/e_d8fa1a5c.jpg?ava=1 could save 817B (40% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-19.userapi.com/c4169/u20198242/e_d0c6425e.jpg?ava=1 could save 777B (42% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-49.userapi.com/c840531/v840531750/58b90/3c6OxRm2Tnc.jpg?ava=1 could save 744B (31% reduction).
Compressing https://sun1-20.userapi.com/c846419/v846419827/27fc7/7Qq21h0c27o.jpg?ava=1 could save 728B (29% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-42.userapi.com/c623328/v623328410/42a89/pcv1v1aJxoc.jpg?ava=1 could save 727B (31% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-32.userapi.com/c848624/v848624218/5df07/9aFci6jFDH0.jpg?ava=1 could save 720B (29% reduction).
Compressing https://sun1-18.userapi.com/86-jQP1U6OzzW8AeiFKcmY…/zZPaSbABgpI.jpg?ava=1 could save 699B (31% reduction).
Compressing https://sun1-94.userapi.com/RrqijXwKHBHt449ICwygvx…/rLQgkasQ8yQ.jpg?ava=1 could save 624B (28% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-17.userapi.com/c638722/v638722176/49592/Y3o_ybTjzTo.jpg?ava=1 could save 599B (29% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-61.userapi.com/c636227/v636227324/112bd/u1YTvTwfDQM.jpg?ava=1 could save 588B (27% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-66.userapi.com/c849416/v849416053/118951/H6Lp4CuKT5M.jpg?ava=1 could save 584B (28% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-23.userapi.com/c857028/v857028312/85b62/Otr9fgAUpJA.jpg?ava=1 could save 583B (28% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-21.userapi.com/c629408/v629408501/5cb61/l8JrETzXSmw.jpg?ava=1 could save 559B (30% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-37.userapi.com/c849520/v849520103/2c2d9/smqY_K2vUAs.jpg?ava=1 could save 541B (29% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-45.userapi.com/c631119/v631119549/38189/qnnWQJtQaC4.jpg?ava=1 could save 535B (27% reduction).
Compressing https://sun1-89.userapi.com/OgilCdBm1PAjs-GRK-zWGl…/HtWWHMn3KGE.jpg?ava=1 could save 520B (28% reduction).
Compressing https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/v3/yS/r/vcc5m4dw3rZ.png could save 518B (37% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-62.userapi.com/c624923/v624923116/4325f/PYemfBD-P-k.jpg?ava=1 could save 514B (27% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-35.userapi.com/c630917/v630917970/40c28/kJ4fz-NS9pI.jpg?ava=1 could save 480B (29% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-23.userapi.com/c847017/v847017476/bbba5/aq8Jgi2ZcZw.jpg?ava=1 could save 446B (27% reduction).
Compressing https://scontent-ort2-2.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-1/cp0/…9d2eb24dd6&oe=5E68FA67 could save 418B (25% reduction).
Compressing https://sun1-83.userapi.com/exC9JXysdolaDejkFg8mRc…/E8MljursHjk.jpg?ava=1 could save 392B (23% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-61.userapi.com/c824600/v824600030/22a3/0nzxNqNP6jE.jpg?ava=1 could save 381B (27% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-49.userapi.com/c633725/v633725934/13aaa/lvUTuAz4i3k.jpg?ava=1 could save 371B (27% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-30.userapi.com/c627619/v627619829/3e63d/lxTo5lSU2l0.jpg?ava=1 could save 320B (23% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-21.userapi.com/c637619/v637619766/2a6d1/vOgoAldpXKE.jpg?ava=1 could save 313B (23% reduction).
Compressing https://sun9-7.userapi.com/c847122/v847122435/8022d/SjmfUrjTREM.jpg?ava=1 could save 215B (22% reduction).
priority - 1 Minify JavaScript
Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.
Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 10.7KiB (23% reduction).
Minifying http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/photo-galle…elect.min.js?ver=3.0.3 could save 3.1KiB (43% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/mod…uehandler.js?ver=7.4.2 could save 966B (29% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_in…ssage.min.js?ver=7.4.2 could save 747B (20% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://connect.facebook.net/ru_RU/sdk.js could save 671B (39% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/photo-galle…0.4.1.min.js?ver=0.4.1 could save 618B (26% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://vk.com/js/api/xdm.js?1449919642 could save 433B (17% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_in…mages.min.js?ver=7.4.2 could save 318B (11% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_in…esize.min.js?ver=7.4.2 could save 214B (20% reduction) after compression.
priority - 0 Minify CSS
Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.
Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 128B (15% reduction).
novostroy.kz Desktop Resources
Total Resources | 126 |
Number of Hosts | 43 |
Static Resources | 88 |
JavaScript Resources | 46 |
CSS Resources | 18 |
novostroy.kz Desktop Resource Breakdown
novostroy.kz mobile page speed rank
Last tested: 2017-04-20
novostroy.kz Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary
priority - 40 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content
Your page has 12 blocking script resources and 4 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.
None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.
Remove render-blocking JavaScript:
http://novostroy.kz/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=1.4.1
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/themes/travelify/li…tions.min.js?ver=4.7.3
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/share-butto…e-buttons.js?ver=4.7.3
http://vkontakte.ru/js/api/share.js?11&ver=4.7.3
http://userapi.com/js/api/openapi.js?34&ver=4.7.3
http://stg.odnoklassniki.ru/share/odkl_share.js?ver=4.7.3
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/share-butto…odkl_init.js?ver=4.7.3
http://cdn.connect.mail.ru/js/share/2/share.js?ver=4.7.3
http://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js?ver=4.7.3
http://www.google.com/buzz/api/button.js?ver=4.7.3
Use asynchronous versions of the following scripts:
Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Ubuntu&ver=4.7.3
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/plugins/share-butto…share-buttons-user.css
http://stg.odnoklassniki.ru/share/odkl_share.css
priority - 23 Optimize images
Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.
Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 215.9KiB (39% reduction).
Compressing http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/14-670x300.jpg could save 46.5KiB (49% reduction).
Compressing http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/13-670x300.jpg could save 38.4KiB (46% reduction).
Compressing http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/1-670x300.jpg could save 37.4KiB (44% reduction).
Compressing http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/120-670x280.jpg could save 15.8KiB (22% reduction).
Compressing http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/14-670x300.jpg could save 14.8KiB (19% reduction).
Compressing http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/logo.png could save 2.5KiB (23% reduction).
Compressing http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/themes/travelify/images/arrow-right.png could save 860B (90% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c5081/u12011181/e_d8fa1a5c.jpg could save 817B (40% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c636418/v636418388/57c41/Nrh1z6Byo7s.jpg could save 787B (30% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c4169/u20198242/e_d0c6425e.jpg could save 777B (42% reduction).
Compressing http://s1.rotaban.ru/save_c.php?rc=21 could save 739B (91% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c623328/v623328410/42a89/pcv1v1aJxoc.jpg could save 727B (31% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c323121/v323121097/54d9/2g6TUJNvnvM.jpg could save 699B (31% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c630121/v630121583/49201/DyTDGoh_yMs.jpg could save 673B (29% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c628717/v628717044/a2ad/KOnNHK0nX70.jpg could save 631B (30% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c618125/v618125452/1856b/9DoSAlkBKKE.jpg could save 624B (28% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c637726/v637726189/3ab6/hVSpCgtLwu8.jpg could save 584B (30% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c637730/v637730879/2e106/IaZ4Mu2JLb8.jpg could save 578B (31% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c837238/v837238433/2d2da/tn8rAP6lY3A.jpg could save 547B (29% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c314827/v314827543/5cc1/O1ovW4zYSUM.jpg could save 523B (29% reduction).
Compressing https://pp.userapi.com/c626319/v626319080/202d/zndzI21GT4M.jpg could save 517B (28% reduction).
priority - 16 Leverage browser caching
Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.
Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/themes/travelify/images/arrow-right.png (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/themes/travelify/images/background.png (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/120-670x280.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/14-670x300.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/1-670x300.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/12-670x300.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/13-670x300.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/14-670x300.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/1-670x300.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/%D0…BOR-TOWERS-670x300.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/1-1-670x300.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/1-670x300.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://novostroy.kz/wp-content/uploads/logo.png (expiration not specified)
https://connect.ok.ru/connect.js (expiration not specified)
http://connect.facebook.net/ru_RU/sdk.js (20 minutes)
http://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js?ver=4.7.3 (30 minutes)
https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js?ver=4.7.3 (30 minutes)
http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js (60 minutes)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/osd.js (60 minutes)
http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)
http://cdn.connect.mail.ru/js/share/2/share.js?ver=4.7.3 (7 hours)
priority - 4 Reduce server response time
In our test, your server responded in 0.45 seconds. There are many factors that can slow down your server response time. Please read our recommendations to learn how you can monitor and measure where your server is spending the most time.
priority - 2 Minify JavaScript
Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.
Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 14.3KiB (16% reduction).
Minifying http://userapi.com/js/api/openapi.js?34&ver=4.7.3 could save 3.4KiB (17% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://vk.com/js/api/openapi.js?115 could save 3.4KiB (17% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://vk.com/js/api/widgets/al_community.js?406706841 could save 540B (16% reduction) after compression.
priority - 0 Enable compression
Compressing resources with gzip or deflate can reduce the number of bytes sent over the network.
Enable compression for the following resources to reduce their transfer size by 970B (52% reduction).
priority - 0 Minify CSS
Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.
Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 686B (55% reduction).
novostroy.kz Mobile Resources
Total Resources | 127 |
Number of Hosts | 31 |
Static Resources | 92 |
JavaScript Resources | 39 |
CSS Resources | 9 |
novostroy.kz Mobile Resource Breakdown
novostroy.kz mobile page usability
Last tested: 2017-04-20
novostroy.kz similar domains
www.novostroy.net
www.novostroy.org
www.novostroy.info
www.novostroy.biz
www.novostroy.us
www.novostroy.mobi
www.ovostroy.kz
www.novostroy.kz
www.bovostroy.kz
www.nbovostroy.kz
www.bnovostroy.kz
www.hovostroy.kz
www.nhovostroy.kz
www.hnovostroy.kz
www.jovostroy.kz
www.njovostroy.kz
www.jnovostroy.kz
www.movostroy.kz
www.nmovostroy.kz
www.mnovostroy.kz
www.nvostroy.kz
www.nivostroy.kz
www.noivostroy.kz
www.niovostroy.kz
www.nkvostroy.kz
www.nokvostroy.kz
www.nkovostroy.kz
www.nlvostroy.kz
www.nolvostroy.kz
www.nlovostroy.kz
www.npvostroy.kz
www.nopvostroy.kz
www.npovostroy.kz
www.noostroy.kz
www.nocostroy.kz
www.novcostroy.kz
www.nocvostroy.kz
www.nofostroy.kz
www.novfostroy.kz
www.nofvostroy.kz
www.nogostroy.kz
www.novgostroy.kz
www.nogvostroy.kz
www.nobostroy.kz
www.novbostroy.kz
www.nobvostroy.kz
www.novstroy.kz
www.novistroy.kz
www.novoistroy.kz
www.noviostroy.kz
www.novkstroy.kz
www.novokstroy.kz
www.novkostroy.kz
www.novlstroy.kz
www.novolstroy.kz
www.novlostroy.kz
www.novpstroy.kz
www.novopstroy.kz
www.novpostroy.kz
www.novotroy.kz
www.novowtroy.kz
www.novoswtroy.kz
www.novowstroy.kz
www.novoetroy.kz
www.novosetroy.kz
www.novoestroy.kz
www.novodtroy.kz
www.novosdtroy.kz
www.novodstroy.kz
www.novoztroy.kz
www.novosztroy.kz
www.novozstroy.kz
www.novoxtroy.kz
www.novosxtroy.kz
www.novoxstroy.kz
www.novoatroy.kz
www.novosatroy.kz
www.novoastroy.kz
www.novosroy.kz
www.novosrroy.kz
www.novostrroy.kz
www.novosrtroy.kz
www.novosfroy.kz
www.novostfroy.kz
www.novosftroy.kz
www.novosgroy.kz
www.novostgroy.kz
www.novosgtroy.kz
www.novosyroy.kz
www.novostyroy.kz
www.novosytroy.kz
www.novostoy.kz
www.novosteoy.kz
www.novostreoy.kz
www.novosteroy.kz
www.novostdoy.kz
www.novostrdoy.kz
www.novostdroy.kz
www.novostfoy.kz
www.novostrfoy.kz
www.novosttoy.kz
www.novostrtoy.kz
www.novosttroy.kz
www.novostry.kz
www.novostriy.kz
www.novostroiy.kz
www.novostrioy.kz
www.novostrky.kz
www.novostroky.kz
www.novostrkoy.kz
www.novostrly.kz
www.novostroly.kz
www.novostrloy.kz
www.novostrpy.kz
www.novostropy.kz
www.novostrpoy.kz
www.novostro.kz
www.novostrot.kz
www.novostroyt.kz
www.novostroty.kz
www.novostrog.kz
www.novostroyg.kz
www.novostrogy.kz
www.novostroh.kz
www.novostroyh.kz
www.novostrohy.kz
www.novostrou.kz
www.novostroyu.kz
www.novostrouy.kz
novostroy.kz Ping
Ping is a networking utility tool to test if a particular host is reachable. It is a diagnostic that checks reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. In a computer network, a ping test is a way of sending messages from one host to another. Aside from checking if the host is connected to a network, ping also gives indicators of the reliability and general speed of the connection.
novostroy.kz TRACEROUTE
Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the pathway taken by a packet on an IP network from source to destination. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to the destination. Traceroute uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo packets with variable time to live values. The response time of each hop is calculated. To guarantee accuracy, each hop is queried multiple times (usually three times) to better measure the response of that particular hop.