VLAST.KZ Последние новости Казахстана и мира - Аналитический интернет-журнал Vласть

  1. Homepage
  2. vlast.kz

vlast.kz website information.

vlast.kz domain name is registered by .KZ top-level domain registry. See the other sites registred in .KZ domain zone.

Following name servers are specified for vlast.kz domain:

  • ns1.ps.kz
  • ns.ps.kz

and probably website vlast.kz is hosted by Akamai International B.V. web hosting company. Check the complete list of other most popular websites hosted by Akamai International B.V. hosting company.

According to Alexa traffic rank the highest website vlast.kz position was 66280 (in the world). The lowest Alexa rank position was 156935. Now website vlast.kz ranked in Alexa database as number 68657 (in the world).

Website vlast.kz Desktop speed measurement score (64/100) is better than the results of 41.34% of other sites shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.

vlast.kz Mobile usability score (99/100) is better than the results of 79.46% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.

Mobile speed measurement score of vlast.kz (59/100) is better than the results of 52.41% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.

Weekly Rank Report

DateRankChange
Nov-08-2024 68,657268
Nov-07-2024 68,925-386
Nov-06-2024 68,539-1,471
Nov-05-2024 67,068-788
Nov-04-2024 66,2801,024
Nov-03-2024 67,304220
Nov-02-2024 67,524505

Advertisement

vlast.kz Rank History

Alexa can identify the popularity of a website as well as its competitors. It is important for website owners and bloggers to know their Alexa ranking because it shows how many visitors have viewed their web page. It gives them a clear idea of how popular their website is on the internet and the ranking of their competitors.


vlast.kz whois

WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information.

Whois Server for the KZ top level domain name.
This server is maintained by KazNIC Organization, a ccTLD manager for Kazakhstan Republic.

Domain Name............: vlast.kz

Organization Using Domain Name
Name...................: Abramov Vyacheslav
Organization Name......: TOO Izdatelskiy dom Vlast
Street Address.........: ul. Zhambula, d. 55/57, office A
City...................: Almaty
State..................: Almaty
Postal Code............: 050000
Country................: KZ

Administrative Contact/Agent
NIC Handle.............: PS-KZ-000-000001
Name...................: [HIDDEN PERSONAL DATA]
Phone Number...........: [HIDDEN PERSONAL DATA]
Fax Number.............: 7-727-2954448
Email Address..........: [HIDDEN PERSONAL DATA]

Nameserver in listed order

Primary server.........: ns.ps.kz
Primary ip address.....: 195.210.46.172, 2a00:5da0:1:1::172

Secondary server.......: ns1.ps.kz
Secondary ip address...: 195.210.46.194, 2a00:5da0:0:1::194

Domain created: 2012-02-07 11:03:01 (GMT+0:00)
Last modified : 2015-09-03 05:55:48 (GMT+0:00)
Domain status : clientTransferProhibited -
clientRenewProhibited -

Registar created: SKILLTEX
Current Registar: ICPS

vlast.kz server information

Servers Location

IP Address
185.146.1.195
Country
Kazakhstan
Region
Almaty
City
Almaty

vlast.kz desktop page speed rank

Last tested: 2017-05-22

Desktop Speed Bad
64/100

vlast.kz Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 24 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 233KiB (23% reduction).

Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/IMG_5702_2.jpg could save 103.7KiB (15% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/med_gallery_15465_319_46027.png could save 26.3KiB (26% reduction).
Compressing and resizing https://vlast.kz/media/users/fv/1492757023ksjmf-100x100.png could save 19.6KiB (91% reduction).
Compressing and resizing https://vlast.kz/media/users/6a/1491220243mkro5-100x100.png could save 17.3KiB (89% reduction).
Compressing https://servers3.adriver.ru/images/0005058/0005058715/0/serenada2-1.jpg could save 10KiB (42% reduction).
Compressing and resizing https://vlast.kz/media/users/qx/1487846358if5d8-100x100.png could save 8.7KiB (84% reduction).
Compressing https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/simgad/2663307645984466769 could save 8.4KiB (33% reduction).
Compressing and resizing https://vlast.kz/media/users/c9/1431416128qmf9w-100x100.gif could save 7.2KiB (76% reduction).
Compressing https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/simgad/15016778008627862462 could save 5.9KiB (39% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/images/sprite.png could save 4.9KiB (19% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/11.png could save 2.7KiB (52% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/10.png could save 2.7KiB (58% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/fon.png could save 2.6KiB (77% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/9.png could save 2.6KiB (50% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/TEXT.png could save 2.5KiB (42% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/1.png could save 2.4KiB (18% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/8.png could save 2.2KiB (43% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/5_2.png could save 2.1KiB (43% reduction).
Compressing https://c.zero.kz/z.png?u=52632&t=1&cc=859229f75ce…1%8C&8.090260629309341 could save 990B (65% reduction).

priority - 12 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

https://servers3.adriver.ru/images/0005058/0005058715/0/serenada2-1.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://vlast.kz/fonts/icomoon.ttf (expiration not specified)
https://vlast-kz.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=page23074 (10 minutes)
https://s0.2mdn.net/ads/studio/Enabler.js (15 minutes)
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-TDPTB9 (15 minutes)
https://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js (15 minutes)
https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186173/0/a4.js (60 minutes)
https://content.adriver.ru/html.js (60 minutes)
https://content.adriver.ru/plugins/min/autoUpdate.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://edp1.adriver.ru/images/0000399/0000399800/…river_banner_617634813 (60 minutes)
https://edp1.adriver.ru/images/0005017/0005017428/…iver_banner_2125304833 (60 minutes)
https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/checkFlash.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/checkOver.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/clickCoord.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/event.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/functions.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/html.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/makeFlash.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/makeImage.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/pixel.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://edp2.adriver.ru/images/0000399/0000399800/…river_banner_635494107 (60 minutes)
https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/watch.js (60 minutes)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js (60 minutes)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/osd.js (60 minutes)
https://servers3.adriver.ru/images/0005058/0005058…river_banner_732552398 (60 minutes)
https://stats.g.doubleclick.net/dc.js (2 hours)

priority - 12 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 3 blocking script resources and 2 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

https://vlast.kz/scripts/vendor/modernizr.js
https://vlast.kz/scripts/main.js?v=1493882162
https://counter.rambler.ru/top100.jcn?3120854

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

https://vlast.kz/styles/main.css?v=1493882162
https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesom…s/font-awesome.min.css

priority - 8 Enable compression

Compressing resources with gzip or deflate can reduce the number of bytes sent over the network.

Enable compression for the following resources to reduce their transfer size by 72KiB (60% reduction).

Compressing https://counter.rambler.ru/top100.jcn?3120854 could save 27.5KiB (63% reduction).
Compressing https://likemore-go.imgsmail.ru/widget.js could save 20.6KiB (63% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186173/0/a4.js could save 7.4KiB (64% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/html.js could save 3.2KiB (62% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/plugins/min/autoUpdate.adriver.js could save 1.8KiB (55% reduction).
Compressing https://servers3.adriver.ru/images/0005058/0005058…river_banner_732552398 could save 1.5KiB (63% reduction).
Compressing https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/functions.adriver.js could save 1.5KiB (62% reduction).
Compressing https://ad.adriver.ru/cgi-bin/merle.cgi?rnd=269039…52398&tuid=-5187584451 could save 1,015B (48% reduction).
Compressing https://ad.adriver.ru/cgi-bin/merle.cgi?rnd=499250…04833&tuid=-4527344500 could save 1,014B (48% reduction).
Compressing https://ad.adriver.ru/cgi-bin/merle.cgi?rnd=706963…94107&tuid=-5367288228 could save 991B (48% reduction).
Compressing https://ad.adriver.ru/cgi-bin/merle.cgi?rnd=471866…34813&tuid=-5248033319 could save 990B (48% reduction).
Compressing https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/checkOver.adriver.js could save 871B (67% reduction).
Compressing https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/makeFlash.adriver.js could save 860B (49% reduction).
Compressing https://edp1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/html.adriver.js could save 631B (50% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186…16&66.102.8.18&merle&1 could save 596B (44% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186…16&66.102.8.20&merle&1 could save 596B (44% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186…16&66.102.8.22&merle&1 could save 596B (44% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186…16&66.102.8.20&merle&1 could save 596B (44% reduction).

priority - 2 Prioritize visible content

Your page requires additional network round trips to render the above-the-fold content. For best performance, reduce the amount of HTML needed to render above-the-fold content.

The entire HTML response was not sufficient to render the above-the-fold content. This usually indicates that additional resources, loaded after HTML parsing, were required to render above-the-fold content. Prioritize visible content that is needed for rendering above-the-fold by including it directly in the HTML response.

Only about 51% of the final above-the-fold content could be rendered with the full HTML response.

priority - 1 Minify HTML

Compacting HTML code, including any inline JavaScript and CSS contained in it, can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify HTML for the following resources to reduce their size by 5KiB (15% reduction).

Minifying https://vlast.kz/ could save 5KiB (15% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 2.8KiB (17% reduction).

Minifying https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186173/0/a4.js could save 1.8KiB (16% reduction).
Minifying https://content.adriver.ru/html.js could save 988B (20% reduction).

priority - 0 Reduce server response time

In our test, your server responded in 0.23 seconds. There are many factors that can slow down your server response time. Please read our recommendations to learn how you can monitor and measure where your server is spending the most time.

vlast.kz Desktop Resources

Total Resources184
Number of Hosts30
Static Resources132
JavaScript Resources42
CSS Resources2

vlast.kz Desktop Resource Breakdown

vlast.kz mobile page speed rank

Last tested: 2017-05-20

Mobile Speed Bad
59/100

vlast.kz Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 40 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 1 blocking script resources and 2 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

https://vlast.kz/scripts/vendor/modernizr.js

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesom…s/font-awesome.min.css
https://vlast.kz/styles/main.css?v=1493882162

priority - 17 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

https://servers2.adriver.ru/images/0005058/0005058715/0/serenada2-1.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://vlast.kz/fonts/icomoon.ttf (expiration not specified)
https://vlast-kz.disqus.com/count-data.js?1=page23063 (10 minutes)
https://s0.2mdn.net/ads/studio/Enabler.js (15 minutes)
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-TDPTB9 (15 minutes)
https://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js (15 minutes)
https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186173/0/a4.js (60 minutes)
https://content.adriver.ru/html.js (60 minutes)
https://content.adriver.ru/plugins/min/autoUpdate.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/watch.js (60 minutes)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js (60 minutes)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/osd.js (60 minutes)
https://servers1.adriver.ru/images/0005017/0005017…iver_banner_2125304833 (60 minutes)
https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/checkFlash.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/checkOver.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/clickCoord.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/event.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/functions.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/html.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/makeFlash.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/makeImage.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/pixel.adriver.js (60 minutes)
https://servers2.adriver.ru/images/0000399/0000399…river_banner_635494107 (60 minutes)
https://servers2.adriver.ru/images/0005058/0005058…river_banner_732552398 (60 minutes)
https://stats.g.doubleclick.net/dc.js (2 hours)

priority - 9 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 84.5KiB (30% reduction).

Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/med_gallery_15465_319_46027.png could save 26.3KiB (26% reduction).
Compressing https://servers2.adriver.ru/images/0005058/0005058715/0/serenada2-1.jpg could save 10KiB (42% reduction).
Compressing https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/simgad/2663307645984466769 could save 8.4KiB (33% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/images/logo@2x.png could save 8KiB (18% reduction).
Compressing https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/simgad/15016778008627862462 could save 5.9KiB (39% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/images/sprite.png could save 4.9KiB (19% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/11.png could save 2.7KiB (52% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/10.png could save 2.7KiB (58% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/fon.png could save 2.6KiB (77% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/9.png could save 2.6KiB (50% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/TEXT.png could save 2.5KiB (42% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/1.png could save 2.4KiB (18% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/8.png could save 2.2KiB (43% reduction).
Compressing https://vlast.kz/banners/Khorgos2017/5_2.png could save 2.1KiB (43% reduction).
Compressing https://c.zero.kz/z.png?u=52632&t=1&cc=95920dd2353…D1%8C&8.47186610288918 could save 1,018B (66% reduction).

priority - 7 Enable compression

Compressing resources with gzip or deflate can reduce the number of bytes sent over the network.

Enable compression for the following resources to reduce their transfer size by 70.4KiB (61% reduction).

Compressing https://counter.rambler.ru/top100.jcn?3120854 could save 27.5KiB (63% reduction).
Compressing https://likemore-go.imgsmail.ru/widget.js could save 20.6KiB (63% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186173/0/a4.js could save 7.4KiB (64% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/html.js could save 3.2KiB (62% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/plugins/min/autoUpdate.adriver.js could save 1.8KiB (55% reduction).
Compressing https://servers2.adriver.ru/images/0005058/0005058…river_banner_732552398 could save 1.5KiB (63% reduction).
Compressing https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/functions.adriver.js could save 1.5KiB (62% reduction).
Compressing https://ad.adriver.ru/cgi-bin/merle.cgi?rnd=902606…52398&tuid=-5925391105 could save 1,015B (48% reduction).
Compressing https://ad.adriver.ru/cgi-bin/merle.cgi?rnd=684432…04833&tuid=-5405322973 could save 1,012B (47% reduction).
Compressing https://ad.adriver.ru/cgi-bin/merle.cgi?rnd=499250…94107&tuid=-6073916120 could save 992B (48% reduction).
Compressing https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/checkOver.adriver.js could save 871B (67% reduction).
Compressing https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/makeFlash.adriver.js could save 860B (49% reduction).
Compressing https://servers1.adriver.ru/plugins/min/html.adriver.js could save 631B (50% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186…16&66.102.8.17&merle&1 could save 596B (44% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186…16&66.102.8.13&merle&1 could save 596B (44% reduction).
Compressing https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186…16&66.102.8.13&merle&1 could save 596B (44% reduction).

priority - 1 Minify HTML

Compacting HTML code, including any inline JavaScript and CSS contained in it, can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify HTML for the following resources to reduce their size by 5.2KiB (15% reduction).

Minifying https://vlast.kz/ could save 5.2KiB (15% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Reduce server response time

In our test, your server responded in 0.23 seconds. There are many factors that can slow down your server response time. Please read our recommendations to learn how you can monitor and measure where your server is spending the most time.

priority - 0 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 2.8KiB (17% reduction).

Minifying https://content.adriver.ru/banners/0002186/0002186173/0/a4.js could save 1.8KiB (16% reduction).
Minifying https://content.adriver.ru/html.js could save 988B (20% reduction).

vlast.kz Mobile Resources

Total Resources177
Number of Hosts28
Static Resources127
JavaScript Resources41
CSS Resources2

vlast.kz Mobile Resource Breakdown

vlast.kz mobile page usability

Last tested: 2017-05-20

Mobile Usability Good
99/100

vlast.kz Mobile Usability Test Quick Summary


priority - 0 Size tap targets appropriately

Some of the links/buttons on your webpage may be too small for a user to easily tap on a touchscreen. Consider making these tap targets larger to provide a better user experience.

The following tap targets are close to other nearby tap targets and may need additional spacing around them.

The tap target <a href="https://vlast.kz/reportage/">Репортаж</a> and 4 others are close to other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="https://vlast.…tent/redakcia/">Редакция</a> and 3 others are close to other tap targets.

The tap target <button type="button" class="btn btn--toggl…sidebar-toggle"></button> is close to 1 other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="https://vlast.kz/tags/pavodki/">Паводки</a> and 3 others are close to other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="/novosti/23063…bedinenii.html">Bank RBK и Qaz…об объединении</a> is close to 2 other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="/novosti/">Новости</a> is close to 2 other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="/tags/banki/" class="tag">#банки</a> is close to 1 other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="/fotoreportazh/">Фоторепортажи</a> is close to 1 other tap targets.
The tap target <a href="//www.liveinternet.ru/click"></a> and 3 others are close to other tap targets.

vlast.kz similar domains

Similar domains:
www.vlast.com
www.vlast.net
www.vlast.org
www.vlast.info
www.vlast.biz
www.vlast.us
www.vlast.mobi
www.last.kz
www.vlast.kz
www.clast.kz
www.vclast.kz
www.cvlast.kz
www.flast.kz
www.vflast.kz
www.fvlast.kz
www.glast.kz
www.vglast.kz
www.gvlast.kz
www.blast.kz
www.vblast.kz
www.bvlast.kz
www.vast.kz
www.vpast.kz
www.vlpast.kz
www.vplast.kz
www.voast.kz
www.vloast.kz
www.volast.kz
www.vkast.kz
www.vlkast.kz
www.vklast.kz
www.vlst.kz
www.vlqst.kz
www.vlaqst.kz
www.vlqast.kz
www.vlwst.kz
www.vlawst.kz
www.vlwast.kz
www.vlsst.kz
www.vlasst.kz
www.vlsast.kz
www.vlzst.kz
www.vlazst.kz
www.vlzast.kz
www.vlat.kz
www.vlawt.kz
www.vlaswt.kz
www.vlaet.kz
www.vlaset.kz
www.vlaest.kz
www.vladt.kz
www.vlasdt.kz
www.vladst.kz
www.vlazt.kz
www.vlaszt.kz
www.vlaxt.kz
www.vlasxt.kz
www.vlaxst.kz
www.vlaat.kz
www.vlasat.kz
www.vlaast.kz
www.vlas.kz
www.vlasr.kz
www.vlastr.kz
www.vlasrt.kz
www.vlasf.kz
www.vlastf.kz
www.vlasft.kz
www.vlasg.kz
www.vlastg.kz
www.vlasgt.kz
www.vlasy.kz
www.vlasty.kz
www.vlasyt.kz

vlast.kz Ping

Ping is a networking utility tool to test if a particular host is reachable. It is a diagnostic that checks reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. In a computer network, a ping test is a way of sending messages from one host to another. Aside from checking if the host is connected to a network, ping also gives indicators of the reliability and general speed of the connection.

vlast.kz TRACEROUTE

Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the pathway taken by a packet on an IP network from source to destination. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to the destination. Traceroute uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo packets with variable time to live values. The response time of each hop is calculated. To guarantee accuracy, each hop is queried multiple times (usually three times) to better measure the response of that particular hop.