ABW.GOV.PL Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego


abw.gov.pl website information.

abw.gov.pl domain name is registered by .PL top-level domain registry. See the other sites registred in .PL domain zone.

Following name servers are specified for abw.gov.pl domain:

  • kirdan.nask.net.pl
  • eomer.nask.net.pl

and probably website abw.gov.pl is hosted by CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US web hosting company. Check the complete list of other most popular websites hosted by CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US hosting company.

According to Alexa traffic rank the highest website abw.gov.pl position was 16363 (in the world). The lowest Alexa rank position was 997433. Now website abw.gov.pl ranked in Alexa database as number 319706 (in the world).

Website abw.gov.pl Desktop speed measurement score (33/100) is better than the results of 10.11% of other sites shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.

abw.gov.pl Mobile usability score (99/100) is better than the results of 79.46% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.

Mobile speed measurement score of abw.gov.pl (69/100) is better than the results of 74.36% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.

Weekly Rank Report

DateRankChange
Nov-18-2024 319,706-6,336
Nov-17-2024 313,370-550
Nov-16-2024 312,8206,159
Nov-15-2024 318,9791,800
Nov-14-2024 320,779-5,255
Nov-13-2024 315,5240
Nov-12-2024 315,5240

Advertisement

abw.gov.pl Rank History

Alexa can identify the popularity of a website as well as its competitors. It is important for website owners and bloggers to know their Alexa ranking because it shows how many visitors have viewed their web page. It gives them a clear idea of how popular their website is on the internet and the ranking of their competitors.



abw.gov.pl whois

WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information.


request limit exceeded

abw.gov.pl server information

Servers Location

IP Address
194.181.5.2
Country
Poland
Region
Mazowieckie
City
Warsaw

abw.gov.pl desktop page speed rank

Last tested: 2019-08-13


Desktop Speed Bad
33/100

abw.gov.pl Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 168 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 1.6MiB (61% reduction).

Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_16.jpg could save 172.4KiB (75% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_11.jpg could save 144.7KiB (80% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_23.jpg could save 135.2KiB (61% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_13.jpg could save 111KiB (56% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_7.jpg could save 93.8KiB (57% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_21.jpg could save 83.3KiB (51% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_45.jpg could save 79.2KiB (80% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_17.jpg could save 70.7KiB (56% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_18.jpg could save 67.2KiB (59% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_20.jpg could save 63.1KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_19.jpg could save 61.1KiB (64% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_8.jpg could save 52.3KiB (56% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_22.jpg could save 49.7KiB (65% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_12.jpg could save 44.5KiB (40% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_14.jpg could save 40.1KiB (49% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-165_mo2.jpg could save 39.9KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-171_mo2.jpg could save 39.4KiB (82% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-168_mo2.jpg could save 36.1KiB (84% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-54_mo2.jpg could save 35.9KiB (92% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_6.jpg could save 35.8KiB (49% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_10.jpg could save 34.8KiB (48% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-166_mo2.jpg could save 34.5KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-169_mo2.jpg could save 32.4KiB (90% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_9.jpg could save 32.2KiB (51% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-816_mo2.jpg could save 16.1KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-tlo_header_glowne.gif could save 12.7KiB (13% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/batony/66.jpg?v=1555998750 could save 9.3KiB (83% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/batony/52.png?v=1555998750 could save 2.7KiB (35% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/s_top.png could save 2.6KiB (83% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/s_btm.png could save 2.5KiB (76% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/batony/53.png?v=1555998750 could save 2.2KiB (40% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-4_mo2.jpg could save 1.1KiB (14% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-tlo_footer.gif could save 352B (50% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/start.png could save 215B (16% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/close.png could save 193B (14% reduction).
Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/pause.png could save 181B (14% reduction).

priority - 34 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_10.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_11.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_12.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_13.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_14.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_16.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_17.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_18.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_19.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_20.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_21.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_22.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_23.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_45.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_6.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_7.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_8.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_9.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablony/dynamic/1/1-724.css (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-Myriad_Pro_italic.js (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-bg-header.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-bg-szukaj.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-box_transparent.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-cien_transparent.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-iko_en.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-iko_pl.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-logo.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-strz1.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-strz3.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-strz4.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-strz5.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-tlo_footer.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-tlo_footer_glowne.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-tlo_header_glowne.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-165_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-166_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-168_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-169_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-171_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-4_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-54_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-816_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/css/clearbox.css (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/blank.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/btm_dl.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/btm_max.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/btm_next.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/btm_prev.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/close.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/loading.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/next.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/noprv.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/pause.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/prev.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/s_btm.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/s_btmleft.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/s_btmright.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/s_left.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/s_right.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/s_top.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/s_topleft.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/s_topright.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/start.png (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/pic/white.gif (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/cufon/cufon-yui.js (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/mootools/galeria/media2015.css (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/mootools/smoothbox/smoothbox.css (expiration not specified)
https://abw.gov.pl/script/mootools/vlaCalendar/styles/vlaCal-v2.11.css (expiration not specified)

priority - 12 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 3 blocking script resources and 5 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablony/dynamic/1/1-725.js?v=0.180
https://abw.gov.pl/script/cufon/cufon-yui.js
https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-Myriad_Pro_italic.js

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablony/dynamic/1/1-724.css
https://abw.gov.pl/script/clearbox/2.0/css/clearbox.css
https://abw.gov.pl/script/mootools/smoothbox/smoothbox.css
https://abw.gov.pl/script/mootools/vlaCalendar/styles/vlaCal-v2.11.css
https://abw.gov.pl/script/mootools/galeria/media2015.css

priority - 2 Prioritize visible content

Your page requires additional network round trips to render the above-the-fold content. For best performance, reduce the amount of HTML needed to render above-the-fold content.

The entire HTML response was not sufficient to render the above-the-fold content. This usually indicates that additional resources, loaded after HTML parsing, were required to render above-the-fold content. Prioritize visible content that is needed for rendering above-the-fold by including it directly in the HTML response.

Only about 17% of the final above-the-fold content could be rendered with the full HTML response.
Click to see the screenshot with only the HTML response:

priority - 2 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 18.4KiB (16% reduction).

Minifying https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablony/dynamic/1/1-725.js?v=0.180 could save 18.4KiB (16% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 2.3KiB (14% reduction).

Minifying https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablony/dynamic/1/1-724.css could save 1.5KiB (13% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://abw.gov.pl/script/mootools/galeria/media2015.css could save 377B (15% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://abw.gov.pl/script/mootools/smoothbox/smoothbox.css could save 250B (23% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://abw.gov.pl/script/mootools/vlaCalendar/styles/vlaCal-v2.11.css could save 172B (11% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Enable compression

Compressing resources with gzip or deflate can reduce the number of bytes sent over the network.

Enable compression for the following resources to reduce their transfer size by 1.7KiB (85% reduction).

Compressing https://abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/menu/naglowek_1_0.xml?v=0.14881141134537756 could save 1.7KiB (85% reduction).

priority - 0 Minify HTML

Compacting HTML code, including any inline JavaScript and CSS contained in it, can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify HTML for the following resources to reduce their size by 399B (11% reduction).

Minifying https://abw.gov.pl/ could save 399B (11% reduction) after compression.

abw.gov.pl Desktop Resources

Total Resources80
Number of Hosts1
Static Resources68
JavaScript Resources3
CSS Resources5

abw.gov.pl Desktop Resource Breakdown

abw.gov.pl mobile page speed rank

Last tested: 2017-12-14


Mobile Speed Medium
69/100

abw.gov.pl Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 24 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 235.4KiB (82% reduction).

Compressing http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-165_mo2.jpg could save 39.9KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-171_mo2.jpg could save 39.4KiB (82% reduction).
Compressing http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-168_mo2.jpg could save 36.1KiB (84% reduction).
Compressing http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-54_mo2.jpg could save 35.9KiB (92% reduction).
Compressing http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-166_mo2.jpg could save 34.5KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-169_mo2.jpg could save 32.4KiB (90% reduction).
Compressing http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-816_mo2.jpg could save 16.1KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-4_mo2.jpg could save 1.1KiB (14% reduction).

priority - 12 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablony/1-664.css (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-script.js (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablonyimg/1-strz1.png (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-165_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-166_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-168_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-169_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-171_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-4_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-54_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/1/mini/1-816_mo2.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/script/ajax/advajax.js (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/script/ajax/ajax_func.js (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/script/mootools/mootools-1.2-more.js (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/script/mootools/mootools-1.4.5-core.js (expiration not specified)
http://www.abw.gov.pl/script/swfobject/2.1/swfobject.js (expiration not specified)

priority - 8 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 1 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablony/1-664.css

priority - 0 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 566B (17% reduction).

Minifying http://www.abw.gov.pl/script/ajax/advajax.js could save 566B (17% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 582B (13% reduction).

Minifying http://www.abw.gov.pl/dokumenty/szablony/1-664.css could save 582B (13% reduction) after compression.

abw.gov.pl Mobile Resources

Total Resources18
Number of Hosts2
Static Resources16
JavaScript Resources6
CSS Resources1

abw.gov.pl Mobile Resource Breakdown

abw.gov.pl mobile page usability

Last tested: 2017-12-14


Mobile Usability Good
99/100

abw.gov.pl Mobile Usability Test Quick Summary


priority - 0 Size tap targets appropriately

Some of the links/buttons on your webpage may be too small for a user to easily tap on a touchscreen. Consider making these tap targets larger to provide a better user experience.

The following tap targets are close to other nearby tap targets and may need additional spacing around them.

The tap target <input id="szukaj" type="text" name="szukaj"> is close to 1 other tap targets.

The tap target <input type="submit"> is close to 1 other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="/pl/szukaj">wyszukiwarka zaawansowana</a> is close to 1 other tap targets.

abw.gov.pl similar domains

Similar domains:
www.abw.com
www.abw.net
www.abw.org
www.abw.info
www.abw.biz
www.abw.us
www.abw.mobi
www.bw.gov.pl
www.abw.gov.pl
www.qbw.gov.pl
www.aqbw.gov.pl
www.qabw.gov.pl
www.wbw.gov.pl
www.awbw.gov.pl
www.wabw.gov.pl
www.sbw.gov.pl
www.asbw.gov.pl
www.sabw.gov.pl
www.zbw.gov.pl
www.azbw.gov.pl
www.zabw.gov.pl
www.aw.gov.pl
www.avw.gov.pl
www.abvw.gov.pl
www.avbw.gov.pl
www.agw.gov.pl
www.abgw.gov.pl
www.agbw.gov.pl
www.ahw.gov.pl
www.abhw.gov.pl
www.ahbw.gov.pl
www.anw.gov.pl
www.abnw.gov.pl
www.anbw.gov.pl
www.ab.gov.pl
www.abq.gov.pl
www.abwq.gov.pl
www.abqw.gov.pl
www.aba.gov.pl
www.abwa.gov.pl
www.abaw.gov.pl
www.abs.gov.pl
www.abws.gov.pl
www.absw.gov.pl
www.abe.gov.pl
www.abwe.gov.pl
www.abew.gov.pl

abw.gov.pl Ping

Ping is a networking utility tool to test if a particular host is reachable. It is a diagnostic that checks reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. In a computer network, a ping test is a way of sending messages from one host to another. Aside from checking if the host is connected to a network, ping also gives indicators of the reliability and general speed of the connection.


abw.gov.pl TRACEROUTE

Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the pathway taken by a packet on an IP network from source to destination. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to the destination. Traceroute uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo packets with variable time to live values. The response time of each hop is calculated. To guarantee accuracy, each hop is queried multiple times (usually three times) to better measure the response of that particular hop.