cbu.ca website information.
cbu.ca domain name is registered by .CA top-level domain registry. See the other sites registred in .CA domain zone.
Following name servers are specified for cbu.ca domain:
- ns1.d-zone.ca
- ns2.d-zone.ca
and probably website cbu.ca is hosted by AMAZON-02 - Amazon.com, Inc., US web hosting company. Check the complete list of other most popular websites hosted by AMAZON-02 - Amazon.com, Inc., US hosting company.
According to Alexa traffic rank the highest website cbu.ca position was 61746 (in the world). The lowest Alexa rank position was 142725. Now website cbu.ca ranked in Alexa database as number 66249 (in the world).
Website cbu.ca Desktop speed measurement score (68/100) is better than the results of 47.59% of other sites shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.
cbu.ca Mobile usability score (99/100) is better than the results of 79.46% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.
Mobile speed measurement score of cbu.ca (58/100) is better than the results of 50.23% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.
Weekly Rank Report
| Date | Rank | Change |
|---|---|---|
| Jan-11-2025 | N/A | N/A |
| Jan-10-2025 | 66,249 | -210 |
| Jan-09-2025 | 66,039 | 1,031 |
| Jan-08-2025 | 67,070 | -407 |
| Jan-07-2025 | 66,663 | 1,431 |
| Jan-06-2025 | 68,094 | -271 |
| Jan-05-2025 | 67,823 | -1,178 |
Advertisement
cbu.ca Rank History
Alexa can identify the popularity of a website as well as its competitors. It is important for website owners and bloggers to know their Alexa ranking because it shows how many visitors have viewed their web page. It gives them a clear idea of how popular their website is on the internet and the ranking of their competitors.
cbu.ca whois
WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information.
Domain Name: cbu.ca
Registry Domain ID: D96502-CIRA
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.ca.fury.ca
Registrar URL: www.easydns.ca
Updated Date: 2024-03-01T17:52:38Z
Creation Date: 2002-01-24T15:21:12Z
Registry Expiry Date: 2027-01-24T05:00:00Z
Registrar: easyDNS Technologies Inc.
Registrar IANA ID: not applicable
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abuse@easydns.com
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.4165358672
Domain Status: ok https://icann.org/epp#ok
Registry Registrant ID: 111879815-CIRA
Registrant Name: Darren MacKinnon
Registrant Organization: Cape Breton University
Registrant Street: 1250 Grand Lake Road
Registrant City: Sydney
Registrant State/Province: NS
Registrant Postal Code: B1M1A2
Registrant Country: CA
Registrant Phone: +1.9025631987
Registrant Phone Ext:
Registrant Fax:
Registrant Fax Ext:
Registrant Email: darren_mackinnon@cbu.ca
Registry Admin ID: C2227904-CIRA
Admin Name: Darren MacKinnon
Admin Organization: Cape Breton University
Admin Street: 1250 Grand Lake Road
Admin City: Sydney
Admin State/Province: NS
Admin Postal Code: B1M1A2
Admin Country: CA
Admin Phone: +1.9025631987
Admin Phone Ext:
Admin Fax:
Admin Fax Ext:
Admin Email: darren_mackinnon@cbu.ca
Registry Tech ID: C2227905-CIRA
Tech Name: Stephen Edwards
Tech Organization: Cape Breton University
Tech Street: 1250 Grand Lake Road
Tech City: Sydney
Tech State/Province: NS
Tech Postal Code: B1M1A2
Tech Country: CA
Tech Phone: +1.9025370708
Tech Phone Ext:
Tech Fax: +1.9025620119
Tech Fax Ext:
Tech Email: stephen_edwards@cbu.ca
Registry Billing ID:
Billing Name:
Billing Organization:
Billing Street:
Billing City:
Billing State/Province:
Billing Postal Code:
Billing Country:
Billing Phone:
Billing Phone Ext:
Billing Fax:
Billing Fax Ext:
Billing Email:
Name Server: ns1.d-zone.ca
Name Server: ns2.d-zone.ca
DNSSEC: unsigned
URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/
>>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2024-10-08T19:35:02Z
cbu.ca server information
cbu.ca desktop page speed rank
Last tested: 2017-05-31
cbu.ca Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary
priority - 26 Optimize images
Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.
Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 253.7KiB (31% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Aliso…926551189-1024x340.jpg could save 51.4KiB (53% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/FYAC-Slider.jpg could save 36KiB (40% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/bache…-sciences-1024x358.jpg could save 16.6KiB (18% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/bachelor-of-arts-1024x358.jpg could save 15.4KiB (18% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/18201…315656372-1024x358.jpg could save 11.2KiB (17% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/bache…istration-1024x358.jpg could save 10.9KiB (17% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/meta_upload/faculty-dropdown.jpg could save 10.3KiB (25% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/cbu-bsc-1024x358.jpg could save 9.5KiB (16% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2538893354/chem_logo2_normal.jpg could save 5.8KiB (82% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2499555590/image_normal.jpg could save 5.7KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/772703664/cbu-capers-col_normal.jpg could save 5.7KiB (80% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/card_img/868657952743452672/…mat=jpg&name=100x100_2 could save 3.3KiB (53% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/758805664026075140/IY77xnm4_normal.jpg could save 995B (55% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/851441671049031680/2cz_huLz_normal.jpg could save 959B (46% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/853842095949434880/ZaMhTdyX_normal.jpg could save 948B (45% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/864503871737020416/VlV0LZ90_normal.jpg could save 944B (44% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/817051798460579840/99jFE7fo_normal.jpg could save 942B (44% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/834131265905389570/NKtyi_Zh_normal.jpg could save 896B (45% reduction).
Compressing https://scontent-atl3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-0/p128…13cf222a0b&oe=59A46BDF could save 846B (13% reduction).
Compressing https://external-atl3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/safe_image.ph…_hash=AQAhcVCqZuDaMW_8 could save 834B (14% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/5260013370883…3/DY98ZFZc_normal.jpeg could save 741B (36% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/4434404682241…6/9TpdYPfY_normal.jpeg could save 690B (37% reduction).
priority - 16 Leverage browser caching
Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.
Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/cape-breton/im…/home-tour-overlay.png (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/cape-breton/img/logo-footer.png (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/cape-breton/img/logo.png (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/skeleton/js/libs/modernizr-2.6.2.min.js (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/FYAC-Slider.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/bachelor-of-arts-1024x358.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/18201…315656372-1024x358.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Aliso…926551189-1024x340.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/bache…istration-1024x358.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/bache…-sciences-1024x358.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/cbu-bsc-1024x358.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/meta_upload/1…02714_a374e104ba_z.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/meta_upload/faculty-dropdown.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/meta_upload/home-banner-tour.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://api.usemessages.com/messages/v2/embed/430562.js (expiration not specified)
http://js.hs-analytics.net/analytics/1496281500000/430562.js (4.8 minutes)
https://cdn.syndication.twimg.com/widgets/timeline…e_codes=true&t=1662534 (5 minutes)
http://use.typekit.net/ulh8oom.js?ver=4.7.5 (10 minutes)
https://js.hscta.net/cta/current.js (10 minutes)
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-PW9RLRV (15 minutes)
http://connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js (20 minutes)
https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js (20 minutes)
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/270881653278770?v=2.7.12 (20 minutes)
http://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js (30 minutes)
http://static.olark.com/jsclient/loader0.js (45 minutes)
http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)
https://external-atl3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/safe_image.ph…_hash=AQAhcVCqZuDaMW_8 (2 hours)
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-1026.min.js (2 hours)
https://ssl.google-analytics.com/ga.js (2 hours)
http://static.olark.com/jsclient-bucket6/application2.js?v=1494363203804 (3 hours)
http://static.olark.com/jsclient/app.js (3 hours)
http://static.olark.com/jsclient/jquery.js (3 hours)
http://static.olark.com/jsclient/styles/artsy-albatross/theme.css (3 hours)
https://static.olark.com/jsclient-bucket6/storage.js?v=1494363203804 (3 hours)
priority - 6 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content
Your page has 6 blocking script resources and 2 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.
None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.
Remove render-blocking JavaScript:
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=1.4.1
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/plugins/wp-sentry-int…13.0.min.js?ver=3.13.0
http://use.typekit.net/ulh8oom.js?ver=4.7.5
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/skeleton/js/typekit.js?ver=1
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/skeleton/js/libs/modernizr-2.6.2.min.js
Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/cape-breton/cs…yle.css?ver=1486644077
priority - 0 Minify JavaScript
Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.
Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 1.3KiB (22% reduction).
cbu.ca Desktop Resources
| Total Resources | 147 |
| Number of Hosts | 34 |
| Static Resources | 100 |
| JavaScript Resources | 51 |
| CSS Resources | 13 |
cbu.ca Desktop Resource Breakdown
cbu.ca mobile page speed rank
Last tested: 2017-05-31
cbu.ca Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary
priority - 29 Optimize images
Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.
Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 279KiB (33% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Aliso…926551189-1024x340.jpg could save 51.4KiB (53% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/FYAC-Slider.jpg could save 36KiB (40% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/bache…-sciences-1024x358.jpg could save 16.6KiB (18% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/bachelor-of-arts-1024x358.jpg could save 15.4KiB (18% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2538893354/chem_logo2_bigger.jpg could save 13.7KiB (86% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/772703664/cbu-capers-col_bigger.jpg could save 13.6KiB (85% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2499555590/image_bigger.jpg could save 13.3KiB (83% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/18201…315656372-1024x358.jpg could save 11.2KiB (17% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/bache…istration-1024x358.jpg could save 10.9KiB (17% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/meta_upload/faculty-dropdown.jpg could save 10.3KiB (25% reduction).
Compressing http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/cbu-bsc-1024x358.jpg could save 9.5KiB (16% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/card_img/868657952743452672/…mat=jpg&name=100x100_2 could save 3.3KiB (53% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/758805664026075140/IY77xnm4_bigger.jpg could save 1,010B (42% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/817051798460579840/99jFE7fo_bigger.jpg could save 1,005B (29% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/834131265905389570/NKtyi_Zh_bigger.jpg could save 956B (29% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/864503871737020416/VlV0LZ90_bigger.jpg could save 950B (28% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/851441671049031680/2cz_huLz_bigger.jpg could save 930B (28% reduction).
Compressing https://scontent-atl3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-0/p100…bcdb5a6c7e&oe=599BB9F6 could save 902B (18% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/853842095949434880/ZaMhTdyX_bigger.jpg could save 897B (31% reduction).
Compressing https://scontent-atl3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-0/p100…723957a5ce&oe=59E679DC could save 842B (14% reduction).
Compressing https://external-atl3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/safe_image.ph…_hash=AQAhcVCqZuDaMW_8 could save 834B (14% reduction).
Compressing https://scontent-atl3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-0/p100…4b107bf3c3&oe=59A6DA49 could save 824B (14% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/4434404682241…6/9TpdYPfY_bigger.jpeg could save 778B (28% reduction).
Compressing https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/5260013370883…3/DY98ZFZc_bigger.jpeg could save 761B (23% reduction).
priority - 25 Leverage browser caching
Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.
Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/cape-breton/im…/home-tour-overlay.png (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/cape-breton/img/logo-footer.png (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/cape-breton/img/logo.png (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/skeleton/js/libs/modernizr-2.6.2.min.js (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/FYAC-Slider.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/bachelor-of-arts-1024x358.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/18201…315656372-1024x358.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Aliso…926551189-1024x340.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/bache…istration-1024x358.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/bache…-sciences-1024x358.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/cbu-bsc-1024x358.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/meta_upload/1…02714_a374e104ba_z.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/meta_upload/faculty-dropdown.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/uploads/meta_upload/home-banner-tour.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://api.usemessages.com/messages/v2/embed/430562.js (expiration not specified)
http://js.hs-analytics.net/analytics/1496281500000/430562.js (5 minutes)
https://cdn.syndication.twimg.com/widgets/timeline…e_codes=true&t=1662534 (5 minutes)
http://use.typekit.net/ulh8oom.js?ver=4.7.5 (10 minutes)
https://js.hscta.net/cta/current.js (10 minutes)
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-PW9RLRV (15 minutes)
http://connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js (20 minutes)
https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js (20 minutes)
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/270881653278770?v=2.7.12 (20 minutes)
http://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js (30 minutes)
http://static.olark.com/jsclient/loader0.js (45 minutes)
http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)
https://external-atl3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/safe_image.ph…_hash=AQAhcVCqZuDaMW_8 (2 hours)
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-1026.min.js (2 hours)
https://ssl.google-analytics.com/ga.js (2 hours)
http://static.olark.com/jsclient-bucket6/application2.js?v=1494363203804 (3 hours)
http://static.olark.com/jsclient/app.js (3 hours)
http://static.olark.com/jsclient/jquery.js (3 hours)
http://static.olark.com/jsclient/styles/artsy-albatross/theme.css (3 hours)
https://static.olark.com/jsclient-bucket6/storage.js?v=1494363203804 (3 hours)
priority - 24 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content
Your page has 6 blocking script resources and 2 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.
None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.
Remove render-blocking JavaScript:
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=1.4.1
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/plugins/wp-sentry-int…13.0.min.js?ver=3.13.0
http://use.typekit.net/ulh8oom.js?ver=4.7.5
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/skeleton/js/typekit.js?ver=1
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/skeleton/js/libs/modernizr-2.6.2.min.js
Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:
http://www.cbu.ca/wp-content/themes/cape-breton/cs…yle.css?ver=1486644077
priority - 0 Minify JavaScript
Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.
Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 1.3KiB (22% reduction).
cbu.ca Mobile Resources
| Total Resources | 147 |
| Number of Hosts | 34 |
| Static Resources | 100 |
| JavaScript Resources | 51 |
| CSS Resources | 13 |
cbu.ca Mobile Resource Breakdown
cbu.ca mobile page usability
Last tested: 2017-05-31
cbu.ca Mobile Usability Test Quick Summary
priority - 0 Size tap targets appropriately
Some of the links/buttons on your webpage may be too small for a user to easily tap on a touchscreen. Consider making these tap targets larger to provide a better user experience.
The following tap targets are close to other nearby tap targets and may need additional spacing around them.
<a href="http://www.cbu.ca"></a> is close to 1 other tap targets.<a href="#main" class="visuallyhidden…able skip-link">Skip to main content</a> is close to 1 other tap targets.<a href="https://twitte…m/cbuniversity">Twitter</a> and 5 others are close to other tap targets.The tap target
<a href="http://www.you…our/cbuca?pl=v" class="btn">Take our Virtual Tour</a> is close to 2 other tap targets.The tap target
<a href="https://m.face…Fwww.cbu.ca%2F" class="_5pcq">3 hrs</a> is close to 1 other tap targets.The tap target
<a href="https://twitte…om/CBU_library" class="TweetAuthor-li…ty u-linkBlend">CBU Library…@CBU_library</a> is close to 2 other tap targets.The tap target
<a href="https://twitte…om/CBU_library" class="TweetAuthor-li…ty u-linkBlend">CBU Library…@CBU_library</a> is close to 1 other tap targets.The tap target
<a href="https://twitte…m/cbuniversity" class="PrettyLink pro…misable h-card">@cbuniversity</a> and 1 others are close to other tap targets.<a href="/come-to-cbu/apply-now/">Apply Now</a> is close to 1 other tap targets.The tap target
<div class="olark-top-bar-button"></div> is close to 2 other tap targets.The tap target
<textarea id="olark-form-input-body" class="olark-form-message-input"> is close to 1 other tap targets.The tap target
<button type="submit" class="olark-form-send-button">Send</button> is close to 1 other tap targets.The tap target
<a href="https://olark.com">Olark Live Chat</a> is close to 2 other tap targets.cbu.ca similar domains
www.cbu.net
www.cbu.org
www.cbu.info
www.cbu.biz
www.cbu.us
www.cbu.mobi
www.bu.ca
www.cbu.ca
www.xbu.ca
www.cxbu.ca
www.xcbu.ca
www.dbu.ca
www.cdbu.ca
www.dcbu.ca
www.fbu.ca
www.cfbu.ca
www.fcbu.ca
www.vbu.ca
www.cvbu.ca
www.vcbu.ca
www.cu.ca
www.cvu.ca
www.cbvu.ca
www.cgu.ca
www.cbgu.ca
www.cgbu.ca
www.chu.ca
www.cbhu.ca
www.chbu.ca
www.cnu.ca
www.cbnu.ca
www.cnbu.ca
www.cb.ca
www.cby.ca
www.cbuy.ca
www.cbyu.ca
www.cbh.ca
www.cbuh.ca
www.cbj.ca
www.cbuj.ca
www.cbju.ca
www.cbi.ca
www.cbui.ca
www.cbiu.ca
cbu.ca Ping
Ping is a networking utility tool to test if a particular host is reachable. It is a diagnostic that checks reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. In a computer network, a ping test is a way of sending messages from one host to another. Aside from checking if the host is connected to a network, ping also gives indicators of the reliability and general speed of the connection.
cbu.ca TRACEROUTE
Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the pathway taken by a packet on an IP network from source to destination. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to the destination. Traceroute uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo packets with variable time to live values. The response time of each hop is calculated. To guarantee accuracy, each hop is queried multiple times (usually three times) to better measure the response of that particular hop.