CSAUK.AC.IN Welcome to Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur


csauk.ac.in website information.

csauk.ac.in domain name is registered by .IN top-level domain registry. See the other sites registred in .IN domain zone.

No name server records were found.

and probably website csauk.ac.in is hosted by CHINANET-BACKBONE No.31,Jin-rong Street, CN web hosting company. Check the complete list of other most popular websites hosted by CHINANET-BACKBONE No.31,Jin-rong Street, CN hosting company.

According to Alexa traffic rank the highest website csauk.ac.in position was 52031 (in the world). The lowest Alexa rank position was 999979. Now website csauk.ac.in ranked in Alexa database as number 992289 (in the world).

Website csauk.ac.in Desktop speed measurement score (76/100) is better than the results of 61.81% of other sites shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.

csauk.ac.in Mobile usability score (98/100) is better than the results of 55.61% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.

Mobile speed measurement score of csauk.ac.in (30/100) is better than the results of 9.88% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.

Weekly Rank Report

DateRankChange
Nov-26-2024 992,289N/A
Nov-25-2024 N/AN/A
Nov-24-2024 N/AN/A
Nov-23-2024 N/AN/A
Nov-22-2024 N/AN/A
Nov-21-2024 N/AN/A
Nov-20-2024 N/AN/A

Advertisement

csauk.ac.in Rank History

Alexa can identify the popularity of a website as well as its competitors. It is important for website owners and bloggers to know their Alexa ranking because it shows how many visitors have viewed their web page. It gives them a clear idea of how popular their website is on the internet and the ranking of their competitors.



csauk.ac.in whois

WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information.


csauk.ac.in server information

Servers Location

IP Address
Country
Region
City

csauk.ac.in desktop page speed rank

Last tested: 2015-09-04


Desktop Speed Medium
76/100

csauk.ac.in Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 15 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

http://csauk.ac.in/ddcolortabs.css (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/dropdown.css (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/dropdown.js (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/arrow.png (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/arrow_right.png (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/bg-announcement.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/bg-contacts.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/bg-photogallery.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/bg-placement.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/bg-university.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/body-bg.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/footer.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/gallery1.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/gallery2.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/gallery3.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/gallery4.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/header-top.swf (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/icon-facebook.png (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/icon-twitter.png (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/img-placement.png (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/left-arrow.gif (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/menubg.png (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/new.swf (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/right-arrow.gif (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/rightcurve_bottom_home.png (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/rightcurve_top_home.png (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/image/weatherbg.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/stepcarousel.js (expiration not specified)
http://csauk.ac.in/style.css (expiration not specified)

priority - 8 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 3 blocking script resources and 3 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

http://csauk.ac.in/dropdown.js
http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3.2/jquery.min.js
http://csauk.ac.in/stepcarousel.js

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

http://csauk.ac.in/style.css
http://csauk.ac.in/dropdown.css
http://csauk.ac.in/ddcolortabs.css

priority - 7 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 65.9KiB (72% reduction).

Losslessly compressing http://csauk.ac.in/image/bg-placement.jpg could save 11.1KiB (74% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://csauk.ac.in/image/bg-announcement.jpg could save 10.9KiB (75% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://csauk.ac.in/image/weatherbg.jpg could save 10.2KiB (53% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://csauk.ac.in/image/bg-contacts.jpg could save 9.9KiB (79% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://csauk.ac.in/image/bg-photogallery.jpg could save 9.7KiB (78% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://csauk.ac.in/image/bg-university.jpg could save 9.6KiB (78% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://csauk.ac.in/image/menubg.png could save 4.5KiB (81% reduction).

priority - 0 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 2KiB (40% reduction).

Minifying http://csauk.ac.in/stepcarousel.js could save 2KiB (40% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Minify HTML

Compacting HTML code, including any inline JavaScript and CSS contained in it, can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify HTML for the following resources to reduce their size by 793B (15% reduction).

Minifying http://csauk.ac.in/ could save 793B (15% reduction) after compression.

csauk.ac.in Desktop Resources

Total Resources31
Number of Hosts2
Static Resources30
JavaScript Resources3
CSS Resources3

csauk.ac.in Desktop Resource Breakdown

csauk.ac.in mobile page speed rank

Last tested: 2019-06-19


Mobile Speed Bad
30/100

csauk.ac.in Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 138 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 1.3MiB (32% reduction).

Compressing http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/DSCN4677.jpg could save 1,020.6KiB (28% reduction).
Compressing http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/DSC_0471.jpg could save 151.5KiB (56% reduction).
Compressing http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/DSC_0179.jpg could save 139.7KiB (57% reduction).
Compressing http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/logo.png could save 24KiB (44% reduction).
Compressing http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/vc_csauk2016-233x300.jpg could save 11.4KiB (50% reduction).
Compressing http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/gplus.png could save 2.9KiB (69% reduction).

priority - 57 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js?key&sensor=false (30 minutes)
http://www.google-analytics.com/ga.js (2 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/…ic/css/layerslider.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/static/js/greensock.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/…reaturamedia.jquery.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/…rslider.transitions.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/contact-form…ncludes/css/styles.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/scripts.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/ditty-news-t…r/assets/css/style.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/ditty-news-t…s/fontastic/styles.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/ditty-news-t…s/ditty-news-ticker.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/ditty-news-t…agesloaded.pkgd.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/ditty-news-t…s/jquery.easing.1.3.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/ditty-news-t…uery.touchSwipe.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/…ss/js_composer.min.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/…s_composer_tta.min.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/…_composer_front.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/…s/font-awesome.min.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/…-ui-tabs-rotate.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/…ery.prettyPhoto.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/…vc-tta-autoplay.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/…on/vc-accordion.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/…vc_tabs/vc-tabs.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/pj-news-tick…css/pj-news-ticker.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/pj-news-tick…c/js/pj-news-ticker.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/robo-gallery…blocks.style.build.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider…tend.min.js?1550817765 (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider…tend.min.js?1550817765 (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider…der.min.css?1550817765 (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider…t/n2.min.js?1550817765 (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider…tend.min.js?1550817765 (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…-like-me/js/like-me.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…ry/css/animate.min.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…/css/bootstrap.min.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…/color-css/default.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…/css/custom_styles.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…rary/css/pix-icons.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…ibrary/css/plugins.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…ary/css/responsive.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…rary/css/style.min.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…brary/images/arrow.jpg (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…y/images/header_bg.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…odernizr.custom.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…/library/js/plugins.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…rary/js/scripts.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…ry/js/waypoints.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/vc_csauk2016-233x300.jpg (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/facebook.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/gplus.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/logo.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Untitled-8.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/background.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/new_stick.gif (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/no-image-icon.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/sl3.jpg (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/DSC_0179.jpg (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/DSC_0471.jpg (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/DSC_0014.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/DSC_0267.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/DSC_0301.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/DSC_0341.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/DSC_0352.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/DSC_0453.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/DSC_0456.png (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/DSCN4677.jpg (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/css/dist/components/style.min.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/css/dist/editor/style.min.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/css/dist/nux/style.min.css (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/accordion.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/tabs.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/widget.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/js/wp-embed.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-release.min.js (4 hours)
http://csauk.ac.in/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudf…ic/email-decode.min.js (2 days)

priority - 32 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 12 blocking script resources and 23 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/static/js/greensock.js
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/…reaturamedia.jquery.js
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/…rslider.transitions.js
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/pj-news-tick…c/js/pj-news-ticker.js
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…odernizr.custom.min.js
http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js?key&sensor=false
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider…t/n2.min.js?1550817765
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider…tend.min.js?1550817765
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider…tend.min.js?1550817765
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider…tend.min.js?1550817765

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans|Roboto
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/css/dist/components/style.min.css
https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Serif…00%2C400i%2C700%2C700i
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/css/dist/nux/style.min.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-includes/css/dist/editor/style.min.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/robo-gallery…blocks.style.build.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/…ic/css/layerslider.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/contact-form…ncludes/css/styles.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/ditty-news-t…s/fontastic/styles.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/ditty-news-t…r/assets/css/style.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/pj-news-tick…css/pj-news-ticker.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato%3Aregu…lic%2C700&subset=latin
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/…ss/js_composer.min.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…rary/css/pix-icons.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…/css/bootstrap.min.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…rary/css/style.min.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…ary/css/responsive.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…ry/css/animate.min.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…ibrary/css/plugins.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…/color-css/default.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…/css/custom_styles.css
http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider…der.min.css?1550817765

priority - 17 Reduce server response time

In our test, your server responded in 1.3 seconds.

There are many factors that can slow down your server response time. Please read our recommendations to learn how you can monitor and measure where your server is spending the most time.

priority - 0 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 4.4KiB (36% reduction).

Minifying http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/ditty-news-t…s/ditty-news-ticker.js could save 2.3KiB (41% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/ditty-news-t…s/jquery.easing.1.3.js could save 1.1KiB (58% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/scripts.js could save 653B (17% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/pj-news-tick…c/js/pj-news-ticker.js could save 355B (45% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 1.4KiB (21% reduction).

Minifying http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/ditty-news-t…r/assets/css/style.css could save 574B (28% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/…ic/css/layerslider.css could save 459B (16% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://csauk.ac.in/wp-content/themes/electrify/ele…ibrary/css/plugins.css could save 407B (23% reduction) after compression.

csauk.ac.in Mobile Resources

Total Resources107
Number of Hosts5
Static Resources82
JavaScript Resources35
CSS Resources26

csauk.ac.in Mobile Resource Breakdown

csauk.ac.in mobile page usability

Last tested: 2019-06-19


Mobile Usability Good
98/100

csauk.ac.in Mobile Usability Test Quick Summary


priority - 1 Size tap targets appropriately

Some of the links/buttons on your webpage may be too small for a user to easily tap on a touchscreen. Consider making these tap targets larger to provide a better user experience.

The following tap targets are close to other nearby tap targets and may need additional spacing around them.

The tap target <a href="http://csauk.a…21-Day-3rd.pdf">Registration F…r Future Foods</a> and 13 others are close to other tap targets.

csauk.ac.in similar domains

Similar domains:
www.csauk.com
www.csauk.net
www.csauk.org
www.csauk.info
www.csauk.biz
www.csauk.us
www.csauk.mobi
www.sauk.ac.in
www.csauk.ac.in
www.xsauk.ac.in
www.cxsauk.ac.in
www.xcsauk.ac.in
www.dsauk.ac.in
www.cdsauk.ac.in
www.dcsauk.ac.in
www.fsauk.ac.in
www.cfsauk.ac.in
www.fcsauk.ac.in
www.vsauk.ac.in
www.cvsauk.ac.in
www.vcsauk.ac.in
www.cauk.ac.in
www.cwauk.ac.in
www.cswauk.ac.in
www.cwsauk.ac.in
www.ceauk.ac.in
www.cseauk.ac.in
www.cesauk.ac.in
www.cdauk.ac.in
www.csdauk.ac.in
www.czauk.ac.in
www.cszauk.ac.in
www.czsauk.ac.in
www.cxauk.ac.in
www.csxauk.ac.in
www.caauk.ac.in
www.csaauk.ac.in
www.casauk.ac.in
www.csuk.ac.in
www.csquk.ac.in
www.csaquk.ac.in
www.csqauk.ac.in
www.cswuk.ac.in
www.csawuk.ac.in
www.cssuk.ac.in
www.csasuk.ac.in
www.cssauk.ac.in
www.cszuk.ac.in
www.csazuk.ac.in
www.csak.ac.in
www.csayk.ac.in
www.csauyk.ac.in
www.csayuk.ac.in
www.csahk.ac.in
www.csauhk.ac.in
www.csahuk.ac.in
www.csajk.ac.in
www.csaujk.ac.in
www.csajuk.ac.in
www.csaik.ac.in
www.csauik.ac.in
www.csaiuk.ac.in
www.csau.ac.in
www.csauj.ac.in
www.csaukj.ac.in
www.csaui.ac.in
www.csauki.ac.in
www.csaum.ac.in
www.csaukm.ac.in
www.csaumk.ac.in
www.csaul.ac.in
www.csaukl.ac.in
www.csaulk.ac.in
www.csauo.ac.in
www.csauko.ac.in
www.csauok.ac.in

csauk.ac.in Ping

Ping is a networking utility tool to test if a particular host is reachable. It is a diagnostic that checks reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. In a computer network, a ping test is a way of sending messages from one host to another. Aside from checking if the host is connected to a network, ping also gives indicators of the reliability and general speed of the connection.


csauk.ac.in TRACEROUTE

Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the pathway taken by a packet on an IP network from source to destination. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to the destination. Traceroute uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo packets with variable time to live values. The response time of each hop is calculated. To guarantee accuracy, each hop is queried multiple times (usually three times) to better measure the response of that particular hop.