KONGJIE.COM 空姐网 - kongjie.com


kongjie.com website information.

kongjie.com domain name is registered by .COM top-level domain registry. See the other sites registred in .COM domain zone.

No name server records were found.

and probably website kongjie.com is hosted by CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US web hosting company. Check the complete list of other most popular websites hosted by CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US hosting company.

According to Alexa traffic rank the highest website kongjie.com position was 17244 (in the world). The lowest Alexa rank position was 995074. Now website kongjie.com ranked in Alexa database as number 358783 (in the world).

Website kongjie.com Desktop speed measurement score (36/100) is better than the results of 12% of other sites shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.

kongjie.com Mobile usability score (99/100) is better than the results of 79.46% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.

Mobile speed measurement score of kongjie.com (49/100) is better than the results of 31.99% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.

Weekly Rank Report

DateRankChange
Nov-27-2024 358,7838,942
Nov-26-2024 367,725-1,796
Nov-25-2024 365,929-8,529
Nov-24-2024 357,4002,495
Nov-23-2024 359,8953,281
Nov-22-2024 363,176-6,247
Nov-21-2024 356,929472

Advertisement

kongjie.com Rank History

Alexa can identify the popularity of a website as well as its competitors. It is important for website owners and bloggers to know their Alexa ranking because it shows how many visitors have viewed their web page. It gives them a clear idea of how popular their website is on the internet and the ranking of their competitors.



kongjie.com whois

WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information.


Domain Name: KONGJIE.COM
Registry Domain ID: 106015826_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.ename.com
Registrar URL: http://www.ename.net
Updated Date: 2024-04-16T08:54:26Z
Creation Date: 2003-11-03T07:25:52Z
Registry Expiry Date: 2025-11-03T07:25:52Z
Registrar: eName Technology Co., Ltd.
Registrar IANA ID: 1331
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abuse@ename.com
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: 86.4000044400
Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Name Server: F1G1NS1.DNSPOD.NET
Name Server: F1G1NS2.DNSPOD.NET
DNSSEC: unsigned
URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/
>>> Last update of whois database: 2024-09-13T07:49:24Z

kongjie.com server information

Servers Location

IP Address
Country
Region
City

kongjie.com desktop page speed rank

Last tested: 2019-12-12


Desktop Speed Bad
36/100

kongjie.com Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 181 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 1.7MiB (92% reduction).

Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 253.1KiB (99% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 218.1KiB (98% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 135.3KiB (97% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 113.9KiB (97% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 95.5KiB (98% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 94.1KiB (98% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 91.8KiB (95% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://img.kongjie.com/forum/201912/12/045533mnm4zc00nss1c404.jpg could save 90.7KiB (95% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 75.1KiB (95% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 66.3KiB (98% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 65.6KiB (98% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 65.3KiB (98% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 56.8KiB (95% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 52.2KiB (93% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 48.8KiB (97% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 45.3KiB (97% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 42.4KiB (97% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 40.7KiB (97% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 39.3KiB (97% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/66/46_avatar_small.jpg could save 5.2KiB (87% reduction).
Compressing http://img.kongjie.com/block/da/da66737cddfd0742f7c431d4587ce590.jpg could save 4.8KiB (23% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.91kongjie.com/data/attachment/avatar/20…atar_big.jpg.thumb.jpg could save 4.3KiB (79% reduction).
Compressing http://img.kongjie.com/block/2c/2cb9caf235591e3227846b44a0f46e55.jpg could save 3.7KiB (21% reduction).
Compressing http://img.kongjie.com/block/38/38185a729417f36e1bffd7cdd9304a27.jpg could save 3.7KiB (20% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/source/plugin/sina_xweibo_x…img/sina_login_btn.png could save 2.9KiB (52% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/89/97_avatar_small.jpg could save 2.1KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/000/96/55/30_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.8KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/000/95/47/59_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.8KiB (67% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/00/53/14_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.7KiB (54% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/000/91/69/17_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.6KiB (53% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/01/31/13_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.6KiB (56% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/10/43_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.6KiB (54% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/80/73_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.6KiB (55% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/000/99/98/32_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (55% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/90/70_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (58% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/00/16/55_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (55% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/01/44/94_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (57% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/00/72/99_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (57% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/00/40/19_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (58% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/88/92_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (56% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/00/69/94_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (56% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/89/41_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (56% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/88/28_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (58% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/000/91/17/23_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (55% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/55/41_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (58% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/00/35/40_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (60% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/00/08/75_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (55% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/000/98/44/46_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.5KiB (59% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/62/50_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.4KiB (55% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/000/93/75/62_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.4KiB (58% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/90/16_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.4KiB (60% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/88/25_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.4KiB (59% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/static/image/common/qq_login.gif could save 1.4KiB (44% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/000/97/58/09_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.4KiB (55% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/61/23_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.3KiB (55% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/78/18_avatar_small.jpg could save 1.2KiB (53% reduction).
Compressing http://img.kongjie.com/album/cover/32/62903.jpg could save 1.2KiB (28% reduction).
Compressing http://img.kongjie.com/album/cover/84/62921.jpg could save 1.1KiB (19% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/template/kongjietemplate/images/p.gif could save 1.1KiB (92% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/89/62_avatar_small.jpg could save 1KiB (55% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/static/image/common/logo.png could save 1,022B (39% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/template/kongjietemplate/images/list1.gif could save 1,006B (82% reduction).
Compressing http://img.kongjie.com/block/1e/1e98dee7581075a88b4eddbd482e7968.jpg could save 673B (18% reduction).
Compressing http://img.kongjie.com/block/d5/d5cfe8e28f672c37f98cd96a1a45fb01.jpg could save 645B (19% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/86/47_avatar_small.jpg could save 618B (30% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/93/41_avatar_small.jpg could save 607B (32% reduction).
Compressing http://img.kongjie.com/block/3a/3a5d713af0cb09a99db41025c2a9822a.jpg could save 489B (15% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/001/02/91/15_avatar_small.jpg could save 476B (37% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/static/image/common/scrolltop.png could save 290B (21% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/static/image/common/nv.png could save 157B (13% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/static/image/common/px.png could save 141B (67% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/uc_server/data/avatar/000/91/73/54_avatar_small.jpg could save 130B (22% reduction).

priority - 8 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 5 blocking script resources and 2 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

http://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.1.3/jquery.min.js
http://www.kongjie.com/static/js/common.js?KUb
http://www.kongjie.com/static/js/portal.js?KUb
http://www.kongjie.com/static/js/logging.js?KUb
http://www.kongjie.com/static/js/md5.js?KUb

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

http://www.kongjie.com/data/cache/style_14_common.css?KUb
http://www.kongjie.com/template/kongjietemplate/style/t1/style.css

priority - 1 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/cu…osd.js?cb=%2Fr20100101 (50 minutes)
http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js (60 minutes)

priority - 0 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 2.1KiB (12% reduction).

Minifying http://www.kongjie.com/static/js/common_extra.js?KUb could save 1.3KiB (11% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.kongjie.com/static/js/portal.js?KUb could save 380B (11% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.kongjie.com/static/js/md5.js?KUb could save 289B (17% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.kongjie.com/static/js/logging.js?KUb could save 143B (36% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 335B (27% reduction).

Minifying http://www.kongjie.com/template/kongjietemplate/style/t1/style.css could save 335B (27% reduction) after compression.

kongjie.com Desktop Resources

Total Resources126
Number of Hosts11
Static Resources106
JavaScript Resources14
CSS Resources2

kongjie.com Desktop Resource Breakdown

kongjie.com mobile page speed rank

Last tested: 2019-12-14


Mobile Speed Bad
49/100

kongjie.com Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 54 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 525.8KiB (90% reduction).

Compressing and resizing http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…57ot5st3ta35lnlstt.jpg could save 189.5KiB (99% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…34ihnhsmumvbnddnbm.jpg could save 110.1KiB (98% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…30wvtdb523j2s6ffn3.jpg could save 107.8KiB (99% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…40o4ijz2anzib2qzbe.jpg could save 52.3KiB (97% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…24y4lfyknnj88uiwkk.jpg could save 37.8KiB (97% reduction).
Compressing and resizing http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…58ggy8ynnggizzgtie.jpg could save 19.5KiB (95% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…23gzhyq7xy9lwx6ywm.jpg could save 7.6KiB (14% reduction).
Compressing http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mhapp_st/img/bt_close.png could save 1.1KiB (84% reduction).

priority - 32 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 3 blocking script resources and 3 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

http://www.kongjie.com/static/js/mobile/jquery-1.8.3.min.js?z28
http://www.kongjie.com/static/js/mobile/common.js?z28
http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mhapp_st/js/mobanbus.js

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mha…/mobanbus_mhapp_st.css
http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mhapp_st/css/styles.css
http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mha…t/css/mobanbus.min.css

priority - 19 Avoid landing page redirects

Your page has 3 redirects. Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded.

Avoid landing page redirects for the following chain of redirected URLs.

http://kongjie.com/
http://www.kongjie.com/
http://www.kongjie.com/forum.php?mobile=yes
http://www.kongjie.com/portal.php?mod=index&mobile=2

priority - 9 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…34ihnhsmumvbnddnbm.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…58ggy8ynnggizzgtie.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…30wvtdb523j2s6ffn3.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…57ot5st3ta35lnlstt.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…40o4ijz2anzib2qzbe.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…24y4lfyknnj88uiwkk.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.kongjie.com/data/attachment/forum/20161…23gzhyq7xy9lwx6ywm.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mha…t/css/mobanbus.min.css (expiration not specified)
http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mha…/mobanbus_mhapp_st.css (expiration not specified)
http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mhapp_st/css/styles.css (expiration not specified)
http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mhapp_st/img/bt_close.png (expiration not specified)
http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mhapp_st/js/mobanbus.js (expiration not specified)

priority - 0 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 3.4KiB (26% reduction).

Minifying http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mhapp_st/js/mobanbus.js could save 2.5KiB (47% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://www.kongjie.com/static/js/mobile/common.js?z28 could save 876B (11% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 697B (14% reduction).

Minifying http://www.kongjie.com/template/mobanbus_mhapp/mha…t/css/mobanbus.min.css could save 697B (14% reduction) after compression.

kongjie.com Mobile Resources

Total Resources20
Number of Hosts2
Static Resources12
JavaScript Resources3
CSS Resources3

kongjie.com Mobile Resource Breakdown

kongjie.com mobile page usability

Last tested: 2019-12-14


Mobile Usability Good
99/100

kongjie.com Mobile Usability Test Quick Summary


priority - 0 Size tap targets appropriately

Some of the links/buttons on your webpage may be too small for a user to easily tap on a touchscreen. Consider making these tap targets larger to provide a better user experience.

The following tap targets are close to other nearby tap targets and may need additional spacing around them.

The tap target <a href="javascript:history.go(-1);"></a> is close to 1 other tap targets.

kongjie.com similar domains

Similar domains:
www.kongjie.com
www.kongjie.net
www.kongjie.org
www.kongjie.info
www.kongjie.biz
www.kongjie.us
www.kongjie.mobi
www.ongjie.com
www.kongjie.com
www.jongjie.com
www.kjongjie.com
www.jkongjie.com
www.iongjie.com
www.kiongjie.com
www.ikongjie.com
www.mongjie.com
www.kmongjie.com
www.mkongjie.com
www.longjie.com
www.klongjie.com
www.lkongjie.com
www.oongjie.com
www.koongjie.com
www.okongjie.com
www.kngjie.com
www.kingjie.com
www.koingjie.com
www.kkngjie.com
www.kokngjie.com
www.kkongjie.com
www.klngjie.com
www.kolngjie.com
www.kpngjie.com
www.kopngjie.com
www.kpongjie.com
www.kogjie.com
www.kobgjie.com
www.konbgjie.com
www.kobngjie.com
www.kohgjie.com
www.konhgjie.com
www.kohngjie.com
www.kojgjie.com
www.konjgjie.com
www.kojngjie.com
www.komgjie.com
www.konmgjie.com
www.komngjie.com
www.konjie.com
www.konfjie.com
www.kongfjie.com
www.konfgjie.com
www.konvjie.com
www.kongvjie.com
www.konvgjie.com
www.kontjie.com
www.kongtjie.com
www.kontgjie.com
www.konbjie.com
www.kongbjie.com
www.konyjie.com
www.kongyjie.com
www.konygjie.com
www.konhjie.com
www.konghjie.com
www.kongie.com
www.kongnie.com
www.kongjnie.com
www.kongnjie.com
www.konghie.com
www.kongjhie.com
www.konguie.com
www.kongjuie.com
www.kongujie.com
www.kongiie.com
www.kongjiie.com
www.kongijie.com
www.kongkie.com
www.kongjkie.com
www.kongkjie.com
www.kongmie.com
www.kongjmie.com
www.kongmjie.com
www.kongje.com
www.kongjue.com
www.kongjiue.com
www.kongjje.com
www.kongjije.com
www.kongjjie.com
www.kongjke.com
www.kongjike.com
www.kongjoe.com
www.kongjioe.com
www.kongjoie.com
www.kongji.com
www.kongjiw.com
www.kongjiew.com
www.kongjiwe.com
www.kongjis.com
www.kongjies.com
www.kongjise.com
www.kongjid.com
www.kongjied.com
www.kongjide.com
www.kongjir.com
www.kongjier.com
www.kongjire.com
www.kongjie.con

kongjie.com Ping

Ping is a networking utility tool to test if a particular host is reachable. It is a diagnostic that checks reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. In a computer network, a ping test is a way of sending messages from one host to another. Aside from checking if the host is connected to a network, ping also gives indicators of the reliability and general speed of the connection.


kongjie.com TRACEROUTE

Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the pathway taken by a packet on an IP network from source to destination. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to the destination. Traceroute uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo packets with variable time to live values. The response time of each hop is calculated. To guarantee accuracy, each hop is queried multiple times (usually three times) to better measure the response of that particular hop.