SAFER-NETWORKING.ORG Spybot - Search & Destroy Anti-malware & Antivirus Software


safer-networking.org website information.

safer-networking.org domain name is registered by .ORG top-level domain registry. See the other sites registred in .ORG domain zone.

Following name servers are specified for safer-networking.org domain:

  • ns18.ovh.net
  • dns18.ovh.net

and probably website safer-networking.org is hosted by GOOGLE - Google LLC, US web hosting company. Check the complete list of other most popular websites hosted by GOOGLE - Google LLC, US hosting company.

According to Alexa traffic rank the highest website safer-networking.org position was 5450 (in the world). The lowest Alexa rank position was 5764. Now website safer-networking.org ranked in Alexa database as number 5560 (in the world).

Website safer-networking.org Desktop speed measurement score (71/100) is better than the results of 52.66% of other sites shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.

safer-networking.org Mobile usability score (98/100) is better than the results of 55.61% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.

Mobile speed measurement score of safer-networking.org (51/100) is better than the results of 35.73% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.

Weekly Rank Report

DateRankChange
Apr-24-2024 5,5600
Apr-23-2024 5,56026
Apr-22-2024 5,586-22
Apr-21-2024 5,564-3
Apr-20-2024 5,5610
Apr-19-2024 5,56115
Apr-18-2024 5,576-36

Advertisement

safer-networking.org Rank History

Alexa can identify the popularity of a website as well as its competitors. It is important for website owners and bloggers to know their Alexa ranking because it shows how many visitors have viewed their web page. It gives them a clear idea of how popular their website is on the internet and the ranking of their competitors.



safer-networking.org whois

WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information.


Domain Name: SAFER-NETWORKING.ORG
Registry Domain ID: D98281329-LROR
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.ovh.com
Registrar URL: http://www.ovh.com
Updated Date: 2020-05-25T08:00:36Z
Creation Date: 2003-06-23T13:41:49Z
Registry Expiry Date: 2021-06-23T13:41:49Z
Registrar Registration Expiration Date:
Registrar: OVH
Registrar IANA ID: 433
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abuse@ovh.net
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +33.972101007
Reseller:
Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Registrant Organization:
Registrant State/Province:
Registrant Country: IE
Name Server: DNS18.OVH.NET
Name Server: NS18.OVH.NET
DNSSEC: signedDelegation
URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form https://www.icann.org/wicf/)
>>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2021-04-25T13:17:11Z

safer-networking.org server information

Servers Location

IP Address
167.114.117.64
Country
Canada
Region
Quebec
City
Beauharnois

safer-networking.org desktop page speed rank

Last tested: 2016-08-24


Desktop Speed Medium
71/100

safer-networking.org Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 13 Leverage browser caching

Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.

Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:

https://pi.safer-networking.ie/piwik.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/faqpage.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/holiday.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/homepage.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/pageMods.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/reset.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/screen.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ot/css/supportmenu.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/text.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/tipTip.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ic-grid-responsive.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…t/fonts/stylesheet.css (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…/includes/js/common.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ncludes/js/homepage.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…des/js/jquery-3.1.0.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…y-migrate-1.4.1.min.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…js/jquery.formalize.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ery.tipTip.minified.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…jquery.validate.min.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ncludes/js/pageMods.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…t/includes/js/tiers.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…includes/js/ui.core.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ludes/js/ui.spinner.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/style.css (expiration not specified)

priority - 10 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 14 blocking script resources and 20 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js?ver=1.12.4
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-includes/js/jq…grate.min.js?ver=1.4.1
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…des/js/jquery-3.1.0.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…y-migrate-1.4.1.min.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…jquery.validate.min.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…/includes/js/common.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…includes/js/ui.core.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ludes/js/ui.spinner.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ery.tipTip.minified.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…js/jquery.formalize.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ncludes/js/homepage.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…t/includes/js/tiers.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ncludes/js/pageMods.js

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/style.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/reset.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…t/fonts/stylesheet.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/text.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/screen.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ot/css/supportmenu.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/homepage.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/faqpage.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/holiday.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/pageMods.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ic-grid-responsive.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/tipTip.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…e-selector.css?v=3.5.0
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…igation.css?ver=1.4.19
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…on-base.css?ver=1.4.19
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…igation.css?ver=1.4.19
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin….custom.css?ver=1.11.4
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-includes/js/me…yer.min.css?ver=2.18.1
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-includes/js/me…ment.min.css?ver=4.5.3
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…gination.css?ver=2.1.1

priority - 7 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 65KiB (55% reduction).

Compressing and resizing https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/images/proEd.png could save 50.1KiB (57% reduction).
Compressing https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…mages/bgs/mapInner.gif could save 7.4KiB (48% reduction).
Compressing https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…images/icons/GPlus.png could save 2.7KiB (69% reduction).
Compressing https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…/images/bgs/search.png could save 2.7KiB (94% reduction).
Compressing https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ogoSaferNetworking.gif could save 1.1KiB (33% reduction).
Compressing https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ges/icons/facebook.png could save 577B (28% reduction).
Compressing https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ages/icons/youTube.png could save 546B (18% reduction).

priority - 6 Reduce server response time

In our test, your server responded in 0.80 seconds. There are many factors that can slow down your server response time. Please read our recommendations to learn how you can monitor and measure where your server is spending the most time.

priority - 5 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 48.9KiB (49% reduction).

Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…des/js/jquery-3.1.0.js could save 39.4KiB (51% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…-embedded.js?ver=2.1.1 could save 6.7KiB (42% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…includes/js/ui.core.js could save 1.4KiB (34% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…ludes/js/ui.spinner.js could save 776B (26% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…js/jquery.formalize.js could save 632B (44% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 2.6KiB (22% reduction).

Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes/spybot/css/screen.css could save 1.6KiB (21% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin….custom.css?ver=1.11.4 could save 1,019B (24% reduction) after compression.

safer-networking.org Desktop Resources

Total Resources76
Number of Hosts3
Static Resources49
JavaScript Resources29
CSS Resources20

safer-networking.org Desktop Resource Breakdown

safer-networking.org mobile page speed rank

Last tested: 2019-12-09


Mobile Speed Bad
51/100

safer-networking.org Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 34 Avoid landing page redirects

Your page has 2 redirects. Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded.

Avoid landing page redirects for the following chain of redirected URLs.

http://safer-networking.org/
https://safer-networking.org/
https://www.safer-networking.org/

priority - 32 Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 12 blocking script resources and 12 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

None of the above-the-fold content on your page could be rendered without waiting for the following resources to load. Try to defer or asynchronously load blocking resources, or inline the critical portions of those resources directly in the HTML.

Remove render-blocking JavaScript:

https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes….3.0.min.1528734774.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes….7.1.min.1528734774.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.1567656307.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-includes/js/jq…rate.min.1463724688.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…/scripts.1528734774.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…o-public.1569416038.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…ajax.min.1570075508.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…frontend.1529135203.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-includes/js/wp-embed.min.1544670322.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…ails.min.1533625965.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…/js/main.1533625965.js
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…r-widget.1529135203.js

Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:

https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…-public.1569416038.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…fo-gdpr.1569416038.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…edd.min.1570075508.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…rontend.1529135204.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…/styles.1533299773.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…rmalize.1528734774.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…i/style.1553000490.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…igation.1533725172.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…ss/main.1533625965.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…reviews.1534177516.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…opboxes.1533722477.css
https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…cttable.1535113615.css

priority - 31 Optimize images

Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.

Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 304.6KiB (80% reduction).

Compressing https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/upload…18/08/SpybotHome01.jpg could save 299.3KiB (80% reduction).
Compressing and resizing https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…3-pepi/img/arrow-u.png could save 2.7KiB (75% reduction).
Compressing and resizing https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…3-pepi/img/arrow-d.png could save 2.6KiB (75% reduction).

priority - 8 Prioritize visible content

Your page requires additional network round trips to render the above-the-fold content. For best performance, reduce the amount of HTML needed to render above-the-fold content.

The entire HTML response was not sufficient to render the above-the-fold content. This usually indicates that additional resources, loaded after HTML parsing, were required to render above-the-fold content. Prioritize visible content that is needed for rendering above-the-fold by including it directly in the HTML response.

Only about 43% of the final above-the-fold content could be rendered with the full HTML response.
Click to see the screenshot with only the HTML response:

priority - 1 Reduce server response time

In our test, your server responded in 0.22 seconds.

There are many factors that can slow down your server response time. Please read our recommendations to learn how you can monitor and measure where your server is spending the most time.

priority - 0 Minify CSS

Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.

Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 4.4KiB (34% reduction).

Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…i/style.1553000490.css could save 1.3KiB (31% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…rmalize.1528734774.css could save 1.3KiB (61% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…fo-gdpr.1569416038.css could save 762B (20% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…ss/main.1533625965.css could save 587B (79% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…cttable.1535113615.css could save 310B (26% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/themes…igation.1533725172.css could save 143B (15% reduction) after compression.

priority - 0 Minify JavaScript

Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.

Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 933B (19% reduction).

Minifying https://www.safer-networking.org/wp-content/plugin…o-public.1569416038.js could save 933B (19% reduction) after compression.

safer-networking.org Mobile Resources

Total Resources43
Number of Hosts6
Static Resources35
JavaScript Resources16
CSS Resources12

safer-networking.org Mobile Resource Breakdown

safer-networking.org mobile page usability

Last tested: 2019-12-09


Mobile Usability Good
98/100

safer-networking.org Mobile Usability Test Quick Summary


priority - 2 Size tap targets appropriately

Some of the links/buttons on your webpage may be too small for a user to easily tap on a touchscreen. Consider making these tap targets larger to provide a better user experience.

The following tap targets are close to other nearby tap targets and may need additional spacing around them.

The tap target <a href="https://www.sa…ntity-monitor/">Spybot Identity Monitor</a> is close to 1 other tap targets.

The tap target <a href="https://www.fa…rg%2Findex.php" class="share">+</a> and 2 others are close to other tap targets.
The tap target <a href="/?page_id=17">Imprint</a> and 3 others are close to other tap targets.
The tap target <a id="cookie_action_close_header" class="medium cli-plu…_action_button">Accept</a> is close to 1 other tap targets.

safer-networking.org similar domains

Similar domains:
www.safer-networking.com
www.safer-networking.net
www.safer-networking.org
www.safer-networking.info
www.safer-networking.biz
www.safer-networking.us
www.safer-networking.mobi
www.afer-networking.org
www.safer-networking.org
www.wafer-networking.org
www.swafer-networking.org
www.wsafer-networking.org
www.eafer-networking.org
www.seafer-networking.org
www.esafer-networking.org
www.dafer-networking.org
www.sdafer-networking.org
www.dsafer-networking.org
www.zafer-networking.org
www.szafer-networking.org
www.zsafer-networking.org
www.xafer-networking.org
www.sxafer-networking.org
www.xsafer-networking.org
www.aafer-networking.org
www.saafer-networking.org
www.asafer-networking.org
www.sfer-networking.org
www.sqfer-networking.org
www.saqfer-networking.org
www.sqafer-networking.org
www.swfer-networking.org
www.sawfer-networking.org
www.ssfer-networking.org
www.sasfer-networking.org
www.ssafer-networking.org
www.szfer-networking.org
www.sazfer-networking.org
www.saer-networking.org
www.sacer-networking.org
www.safcer-networking.org
www.sacfer-networking.org
www.sader-networking.org
www.safder-networking.org
www.sadfer-networking.org
www.sarer-networking.org
www.safrer-networking.org
www.sarfer-networking.org
www.sater-networking.org
www.safter-networking.org
www.satfer-networking.org
www.sager-networking.org
www.safger-networking.org
www.sagfer-networking.org
www.saver-networking.org
www.safver-networking.org
www.savfer-networking.org
www.safr-networking.org
www.safwr-networking.org
www.safewr-networking.org
www.safwer-networking.org
www.safsr-networking.org
www.safesr-networking.org
www.safser-networking.org
www.safdr-networking.org
www.safedr-networking.org
www.safrr-networking.org
www.saferr-networking.org
www.safe-networking.org
www.safee-networking.org
www.safere-networking.org
www.safeer-networking.org
www.safed-networking.org
www.saferd-networking.org
www.safef-networking.org
www.saferf-networking.org
www.safefr-networking.org
www.safet-networking.org
www.safert-networking.org
www.safetr-networking.org
www.safernetworking.org
www.safer-etworking.org
www.safer-betworking.org
www.safer-nbetworking.org
www.safer-bnetworking.org
www.safer-hetworking.org
www.safer-nhetworking.org
www.safer-hnetworking.org
www.safer-jetworking.org
www.safer-njetworking.org
www.safer-jnetworking.org
www.safer-metworking.org
www.safer-nmetworking.org
www.safer-mnetworking.org
www.safer-ntworking.org
www.safer-nwtworking.org
www.safer-newtworking.org
www.safer-nwetworking.org
www.safer-nstworking.org
www.safer-nestworking.org
www.safer-nsetworking.org
www.safer-ndtworking.org
www.safer-nedtworking.org
www.safer-ndetworking.org
www.safer-nrtworking.org
www.safer-nertworking.org
www.safer-nretworking.org
www.safer-neworking.org
www.safer-nerworking.org
www.safer-netrworking.org
www.safer-nefworking.org
www.safer-netfworking.org
www.safer-neftworking.org
www.safer-negworking.org
www.safer-netgworking.org
www.safer-negtworking.org
www.safer-neyworking.org
www.safer-netyworking.org
www.safer-neytworking.org
www.safer-netorking.org
www.safer-netqorking.org
www.safer-netwqorking.org
www.safer-netqworking.org
www.safer-netaorking.org
www.safer-netwaorking.org
www.safer-netaworking.org
www.safer-netsorking.org
www.safer-netwsorking.org
www.safer-netsworking.org
www.safer-neteorking.org
www.safer-netweorking.org
www.safer-neteworking.org
www.safer-netwrking.org
www.safer-netwirking.org
www.safer-netwoirking.org
www.safer-netwiorking.org
www.safer-netwkrking.org
www.safer-netwokrking.org
www.safer-netwkorking.org
www.safer-netwlrking.org
www.safer-netwolrking.org
www.safer-netwlorking.org
www.safer-netwprking.org
www.safer-netwoprking.org
www.safer-netwporking.org
www.safer-netwoking.org
www.safer-netwoeking.org
www.safer-networeking.org
www.safer-netwoerking.org
www.safer-netwodking.org
www.safer-networdking.org
www.safer-netwodrking.org
www.safer-netwofking.org
www.safer-networfking.org
www.safer-netwofrking.org
www.safer-netwotking.org
www.safer-networtking.org
www.safer-netwotrking.org
www.safer-networing.org
www.safer-networjing.org
www.safer-networkjing.org
www.safer-networjking.org
www.safer-networiing.org
www.safer-networkiing.org
www.safer-networiking.org
www.safer-networming.org
www.safer-networkming.org
www.safer-networmking.org
www.safer-networling.org
www.safer-networkling.org
www.safer-networlking.org
www.safer-networoing.org
www.safer-networkoing.org
www.safer-networoking.org
www.safer-networkng.org
www.safer-networkung.org
www.safer-networkiung.org
www.safer-networkuing.org
www.safer-networkjng.org
www.safer-networkijng.org
www.safer-networkkng.org
www.safer-networkikng.org
www.safer-networkking.org
www.safer-networkong.org
www.safer-networkiong.org
www.safer-networkig.org
www.safer-networkibg.org
www.safer-networkinbg.org
www.safer-networkibng.org
www.safer-networkihg.org
www.safer-networkinhg.org
www.safer-networkihng.org
www.safer-networkijg.org
www.safer-networkinjg.org
www.safer-networkimg.org
www.safer-networkinmg.org
www.safer-networkimng.org
www.safer-networkin.org
www.safer-networkinf.org
www.safer-networkingf.org
www.safer-networkinfg.org
www.safer-networkinv.org
www.safer-networkingv.org
www.safer-networkinvg.org
www.safer-networkint.org
www.safer-networkingt.org
www.safer-networkintg.org
www.safer-networkinb.org
www.safer-networkingb.org
www.safer-networkiny.org
www.safer-networkingy.org
www.safer-networkinyg.org
www.safer-networkinh.org
www.safer-networkingh.org

safer-networking.org Ping

Ping is a networking utility tool to test if a particular host is reachable. It is a diagnostic that checks reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. In a computer network, a ping test is a way of sending messages from one host to another. Aside from checking if the host is connected to a network, ping also gives indicators of the reliability and general speed of the connection.


safer-networking.org TRACEROUTE

Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the pathway taken by a packet on an IP network from source to destination. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to the destination. Traceroute uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo packets with variable time to live values. The response time of each hop is calculated. To guarantee accuracy, each hop is queried multiple times (usually three times) to better measure the response of that particular hop.